Common garter snakes, scientifically known as Thamnophis sirtalis, are among the most widespread snake species in North America, and their gentle nature makes them increasingly popular as pets. If you’re asking yourself, “Can I Keep A Garter Snake As A Pet?”, the answer is generally yes, with the right preparation and understanding of their needs. These snakes are known for their activity and require a well-maintained habitat that accommodates their energetic lifestyle, despite being relatively low-maintenance in other aspects of their care. Their harmless disposition is a significant draw for reptile enthusiasts looking for a pet snake.
Understanding Garter Snakes: Size, Lifespan, and More
When considering a garter snake as a pet, understanding their basic biology is crucial. A healthy garter snake will exhibit alertness, consistent eating habits, clear, bright eyes, and regular shedding of their skin, typically in one complete piece. Hatchling garter snakes are quite small, ranging from six to eight inches in length. However, they can grow considerably, reaching adult sizes between 22 and 54 inches. This size variation is important to keep in mind when planning their enclosure.
In terms of lifespan, wild garter snakes typically live for a shorter period, around four to five years. However, when kept as pets and provided with proper care, garter snakes can live for over 10 years, making them a long-term commitment. It is strongly advised to acquire captive-bred garter snakes rather than wild-caught specimens. Wild snakes are often more stressed in captivity, may carry parasites, and might never fully adjust to being handled. Moreover, capturing wild garter snakes may be illegal in some areas, depending on local regulations and conservation status.
You can find garter snakes for sale at reputable pet stores specializing in reptiles, from online breeders, and at reptile expos. When sourcing your pet, always inquire whether the snake is captive-bred to ensure you are getting a healthier and more adaptable animal. Consulting with a local pet store or breeder can provide valuable insights into the snake’s origin and health history.
Creating the Perfect Habitat for Your Garter Snake
Providing an appropriate habitat is paramount for the well-being of your garter snake pet. The size of the enclosure is a key factor for their exercise and overall comfort. The general rule is that the length plus width of the tank should exceed the snake’s length. An enclosure that is too small will restrict movement and can lead to stress, while an overly large tank might make a garter snake feel insecure and exposed, also causing stress.
For baby garter snakes, a five-gallon tank can be sufficient initially. As they grow, you’ll need to upgrade. Adult male garter snakes will thrive in a 15-gallon tank, whereas adult females, which are often larger, or breeding pairs, require a 25-gallon tank or even larger. While garter snakes can be housed in pairs, it’s important to monitor feeding times as they may compete for the same food item, potentially leading to accidental bites.
Garter snakes are adept at escaping, so securing their terrarium is essential. They are surprisingly adept at squeezing through small openings. Ensure the tank lid is firmly secured and that there are no gaps or weak points in the enclosure walls. Escape-proofing is a critical aspect of responsible garter snake ownership.
Feeding Your Garter Snake: Diet and Hydration
A varied diet is crucial for ensuring your pet garter snake receives balanced nutrition. Juvenile garter snakes benefit from frequent feedings, ideally every other day. Their diet can consist of a mix of feeder guppies, small minnows, earthworms, and pieces of fish fillet. As they mature, their dietary needs change.
Adult garter snakes should be fed once a week. Their diet should include small rodents, such as appropriately sized mice or pinkies. It is important to avoid feeding your snake live rodents, as they can injure your snake. Opt for frozen rodents, which should be thawed completely at room temperature before feeding. Avoid using microwaves or direct heat to thaw rodents, as this can cause them to burst and become unappetizing or even unsafe for your snake. You can occasionally supplement their diet by placing small goldfish in their water dish, providing enrichment and a hunting opportunity.
Garter snakes are semi-aquatic and require access to water for both drinking and soaking. Provide a large, heavy bowl of fresh, chlorine-free water that is deep enough for the snake to submerge part of its body. This water bowl should be cleaned and refilled daily to maintain hygiene and encourage your snake to drink and soak regularly.
Maintaining Optimal Conditions: Temperature and Lighting
Proper temperature regulation is vital for the health and digestion of your garter snake. You need to establish a temperature gradient within the terrarium. This means creating a warmer end and a cooler end. Aim for a cooler end around 75 degrees Fahrenheit and a warmer end around 85 degrees Fahrenheit. Within the warmer end, provide a basking spot that reaches around 95 degrees Fahrenheit. Flat rocks or basking platforms can be used to create this area, allowing your snake to thermoregulate as needed. Avoid heat rocks, as they can malfunction and cause burns to your snake’s delicate skin.
For lighting, a regular day-night cycle is beneficial. Provide light for 8 to 12 hours each day. A heat lamp is necessary to maintain the warm end of the temperature gradient and provide a basking area. At night, the temperature can drop slightly, mimicking natural conditions. If supplemental nighttime heating is needed, use infrared or nocturnal heat bulbs, which provide heat without emitting visible light that could disrupt the snake’s day-night cycle.
Humidity is another factor to consider, although garter snakes are relatively adaptable. Ideally, maintain a humidity level between 40% and 60% within the terrarium. Slightly higher humidity is beneficial when your snake is shedding to aid in the process. You can monitor humidity levels with a hygrometer and adjust by misting the enclosure lightly as needed.
Handling and Temperament: Bonding with Your Garter Snake
Once your garter snake is settled into its well-maintained habitat and is feeding regularly, you can begin to interact with it. Most captive-bred garter snakes are known for their docile temperaments and generally tolerate handling well. It’s important to approach handling gradually and gently to build trust.
Allow your garter snake to become accustomed to your presence by initially letting it slither onto your hand within the enclosure. Approach from the side rather than from above to avoid startling them, as they may perceive a sudden movement from above as a threat. Garter snakes do not have the strong bodies of constrictors and need to be supported properly when held. Allow their body to rest in your hands and avoid dangling them.
Occasionally, a garter snake may exhibit a defensive behavior, such as nipping or releasing musk, especially if they feel threatened or insecure. Musk is a foul-smelling secretion that is harmless and easily washed off. However, with regular, gentle handling, most garter snakes will become accustomed to being held and will calm down over time. Patience and consistent positive interactions are key to developing a comfortable relationship with your pet garter snake.
In conclusion, keeping a garter snake as a pet can be a rewarding experience. They are relatively easy to care for, especially for beginner reptile keepers, and their active and curious nature makes them engaging to observe. By providing the correct habitat, diet, and handling, you can ensure a healthy and happy life for your garter snake pet. Remember to always prioritize their well-being and enjoy the unique experience of keeping these fascinating creatures.
