Snakes often suffer from an unfair reputation, but reptile enthusiasts know the truth: these slithering creatures are fascinating, beautiful, and can make incredible pets. With their diverse patterns, vibrant colors, and unique personalities, snakes captivate those who take the time to understand them. Many species are surprisingly docile and easy to handle, making them increasingly popular companions.
However, choosing the right snake is crucial. Not all species are suitable for beginners. Thorough research into their specific needs, including diet and habitat, is essential for responsible snake ownership. Proper care ensures both the snake’s health and the owner’s safety.
This guide will introduce you to the basics of snake biology and care, explore ten of the best snake breeds for beginners, discuss key factors to consider when choosing a pet snake, and highlight common mistakes to avoid as a new snake owner. Whether you’re just curious or seriously considering welcoming a snake into your home, this comprehensive overview will set you on the right path.
Snake Basics Every Beginner Should Know
Snakes are reptiles distinguished by their lack of limbs. Their movement, known as slithering, is achieved through a highly specialized skeletal and muscular system. Their elongated spine can contain up to 100 ribs, each connected to powerful muscles that facilitate their unique locomotion.
To move, a snake initiates a wave of muscle contractions starting from its head and progressing towards its tail. Each contraction creates a curve that pushes against the surface, propelling the snake forward in a smooth, undulating motion. This intricate muscle coordination allows for surprisingly agile movement across various terrains.
Snakes breathe through two nostrils located on their snout. These nostrils connect to the glottis, a slit-like opening at the back of the mouth leading to the trachea. A fascinating adaptation allows snakes to breathe even while swallowing large prey: they can extend their glottis out of the side of their mouth, ensuring an uninterrupted airflow to the lungs. Like other reptiles, snakes lack a diaphragm.
Snake diets are incredibly varied, depending largely on their size. They can range from small rodents to larger animals like deer. Regardless of prey size, snakes swallow their meals whole. Digestion begins in the stomach, which produces potent enzymes capable of dissolving even bones. The only indigestible part of their prey is hair, which is later regurgitated in the form of pellets.
Temperament varies significantly between snake species. While some are naturally docile and easily handled, others can be more defensive or nervous. Understanding snake behavior and body language is paramount. Learning about proper snake care not only ensures their well-being but also helps owners build a trusting relationship with their pet. Respecting their boundaries and understanding their signals are key to safe and enjoyable interactions.
10 Best Pet Snakes for Beginner Snake Owners
For first-time snake owners, the ideal pet is typically one that is easy to handle, relatively low-maintenance, and possesses a gentle temperament. The sheer variety of snake species available can make choosing the right one overwhelming.
To simplify the selection process, we’ve compiled a list of ten of the best snakes for beginners, focusing on species known for their docile nature and manageable care requirements.
1. Corn Snake
Corn snakes are a top recommendation for beginner snake enthusiasts, and for good reason. In their natural habitats, which include grasslands, hillside groves, and even abandoned buildings, corn snakes typically range from 2 to 6 feet (61 to 182 centimeters) in length. They are easily identifiable by their striking belly scales, which resemble kernels of maize in a variety of colors and patterns.
While corn snakes may initially appear shy, consistent and gentle handling quickly acclimates them to human interaction. They are known for their docile and friendly demeanor, exhibiting a lower propensity to bite compared to many other snake species. This gentle nature makes them exceptionally well-suited as a first pet snake. Replicating their natural environment in captivity is crucial. Their enclosure should maintain a temperature gradient, with a warm side between 80-85°F (27-29°C) and a cooler side around 70-75°F (21-24°C).
Feeding corn snakes is straightforward. They readily accept frozen or thawed rodents, such as mice or rats. It’s important to select prey that is appropriately sized – slightly smaller than the snake’s widest girth – to ensure easy digestion and prevent regurgitation. Corn snakes are generally hardy and forgiving, further solidifying their position as one of the Best Pet Snakes for beginners.
2. California Kingsnake
California Kingsnakes are adaptable reptiles found across diverse habitats, and their popularity extends far beyond California. They earned the regal title “king” due to their natural behavior of preying on other snakes, including venomous rattlesnakes. However, despite this impressive predatory behavior in the wild, California Kingsnakes are known to be quite docile and handleable around humans.
Adult California Kingsnakes typically reach a manageable size of 3 to 4 feet in length, making them ideal snake breeds for pets, particularly for those with limited space. A 40-gallon reptile terrarium provides ample space for a single adult. Maintaining the correct temperature gradient is crucial for their well-being: the cool end of the enclosure should be kept between 70-75°F (21-24°C), while the warm end should range from 84-88°F (29-31°C).
In captivity, California Kingsnakes thrive on a diet of rodents, typically mice or rats, fed once a week. While generally docile, they may bite or release a musky odor if they feel threatened. Their curious and inquisitive nature means their enclosure must be securely closed to prevent escapes. California Kingsnakes are relatively hardy and easy to care for, making them another excellent choice for beginner snake owners.
3. Rosy Boa
Rosy Boas are native to arid environments like rocky deserts, semi-arid areas, and scrublands. They are frequently cited as some of the best pet snakes for beginners, primarily due to their small size and gentle disposition. Even as adults, Rosy Boas rarely exceed 4 feet in length, and many stay even smaller. This diminutive size makes them less intimidating and easier to handle, especially for those new to snake keeping. They are also known for their remarkably docile temperament and high tolerance for handling.
Their living environment should mimic their natural arid habitat. A temperature gradient is necessary, with a warm end around 90°F (32°C) and a cool end between 70-75°F (21-24°C). Rosy Boas are natural burrowers, so providing a deep substrate layer of aspen shavings or reptile-safe sand is essential to allow them to exhibit this natural behavior.
Rosy Boas are low-maintenance in terms of feeding frequency. Adults can comfortably go 10 to 14 days between meals. They should be fed appropriately sized rodents, typically mice. Their hardiness, combined with their gentle nature and manageable size, makes Rosy Boas a fantastic choice for beginners seeking a smaller, less demanding pet snake.
4. Gopher Snake
For beginners seeking a medium-sized snake, Gopher Snakes offer an excellent option. While various subspecies exist, Gopher Snakes generally range from 4 to 7 feet in length. In the wild, they are habitat generalists, thriving in diverse environments from deserts and grasslands to scrublands.
Gopher Snakes are known for their relatively docile temperament and tolerance of handling, making them good pet snakes for individuals comfortable with a slightly larger reptile. They are also considered low-maintenance in terms of care. Their enclosure should have a temperature gradient, with a warm end around 85-90°F (29-32°C) and a cooler end around 70-75°F (21-24°C). Feeding is also relatively infrequent; they typically need to be fed every two to three days, depending on their age and size.
While Gopher Snakes can sometimes exhibit defensive behaviors like hissing and tail-rattling, these are often bluff tactics rather than indications of aggression. With consistent, gentle handling, they generally become quite docile and accustomed to human interaction. Their manageable care requirements and medium size make them a good intermediate step for beginners who want a snake larger than a Rosy Boa but not as large as some other species.
5. Ball Python
Ball Pythons are arguably the most popular pet snakes globally, and their gentle disposition and striking variety of color and pattern morphs are major contributing factors. True to their name, Ball Pythons are known for their shy nature and tendency to coil into a tight ball when feeling insecure. However, with patient and consistent handling, they typically become remarkably docile and trusting of their owners.
Native to West Africa, Ball Pythons inhabit grasslands and savannas. In captivity, they thrive in temperatures ranging from 78 to 92°F (26-33°C), requiring a heat gradient within their enclosure. Providing a hide box is crucial for Ball Pythons; it offers them a secure retreat and helps reduce stress, contributing to their overall well-being.
Ball Pythons can be somewhat finicky eaters, often preferring freshly killed prey over frozen-thawed rodents, especially when young or stressed. Maintaining a consistent feeding schedule and offering appropriate-sized prey is essential. Despite their sometimes-picky eating habits, their docile temperament, manageable size (typically reaching 3-5 feet), and wide availability make Ball Pythons a highly recommended choice and one of the best pet snakes for beginners.
6. Western Hognose Snake
Western Hognose Snakes are instantly recognizable by their charming, upturned snouts, which they use for burrowing in their preferred arid, sandy habitats. These snakes primarily feed on lizards and small amphibians in the wild.
Reaching a modest adult size of 14 to 24 inches, Western Hognose Snakes are well-suited to captivity. A 20-30 gallon tank with a secure lid provides adequate space. In captivity, they readily accept small rodents like mice and rats. Fresh, clean water should always be available for drinking and soaking.
Western Hognose Snakes are generally docile and considered good pet snakes for beginners, particularly due to their smaller size and relatively simple care needs. While they may sometimes exhibit dramatic defensive displays like flattening their necks and hissing – even playing dead – bites are rare, especially with regular handling. Their quirky personalities and manageable care requirements make them an engaging and rewarding pet snake for novice keepers.
7. Garter Snake
Garter Snakes are a diverse and widespread species group, commonly found near streams, rivers, and marshes. Their smaller size makes them suitable for smaller enclosures; a 10 to 20-gallon tank can comfortably house one or two garter snakes. They typically grow to an average length of 18 to 48 inches.
Their natural diet consists of small fish, earthworms, and insects. In captivity, they can also be fed pinkie mice and feeder goldfish. Garter Snakes are considered some of the best and safest pets for beginner snake owners because they are relatively easy to tame and handle. Their small size and straightforward care make them less demanding than larger species.
Garter Snakes are known for being alert, active, and curious. They enjoy exploring their enclosures and are generally quite mobile. Gentle handling is important to avoid stressing them. Their active nature and ease of care make Garter Snakes a fascinating and manageable choice for beginners.
8. Milk Snake
Milk Snakes are renowned for their striking beauty, displaying a vibrant array of colors and patterns. Their coloration often leads to them being mistaken for venomous Coral Snakes, although Milk Snakes are completely harmless.
Found in grasslands and rocky areas, Milk Snakes grow to lengths between 20 to 60 inches when fully mature. In the wild, their diet includes small birds and lizards, while captive Milk Snakes readily accept mice and rats. They are constrictors, meaning they subdue their prey by constriction before consuming it.
Milk Snakes are known for their exceptionally docile temperament, making them an excellent choice as pets for beginners. They prefer warmer environments, so providing a temperature gradient with a basking spot around 85-90°F (29-32°C) is essential. Wooden enclosures with heating pads can help maintain the desired temperature range. Their beauty, combined with their gentle nature and manageable size, makes Milk Snakes a highly appealing option for novice snake keepers.
9. Common Boa Constrictor
Common Boa Constrictors are among the largest and heaviest snake species commonly kept as pets. They typically reach an average length of 6 to 10 feet, with females growing larger than males. Boas are found in diverse habitats, including dense rainforests and semi-arid regions.
These impressive snakes are constrictors, suffocating their prey before swallowing it whole. Their diet in the wild includes rodents, rabbits, and even small pigs. Due to their significant size and weight, Common Boa Constrictors require large, robust enclosures with ample space for movement.
While generally docile when properly handled, their size and strength necessitate responsible ownership and experience. They are not typically recommended as a first snake for absolute beginners due to their size and specific needs, but for those who have some reptile experience and are prepared for the commitment of a large snake, Common Boa Constrictors can be rewarding pets. Their lifespan can also be considerable, often exceeding 20 years, so this is a long-term commitment.
10. Children’s Python
Children’s Pythons are relatively small pythons, reaching lengths of 3 to 4 feet. They are known for their calm and docile temperament, making them a more manageable python species for beginners compared to larger relatives. Their slimmer bodies and smaller size mean they do not require excessively large enclosures.
Young Children’s Pythons in captivity can be fed pinkie mice every few weeks, graduating to larger rats as they mature. Like all snakes, they are susceptible to respiratory infections and mites, so maintaining clean and well-ventilated habitats is crucial for preventing health issues.
Children’s Pythons are a good option for beginners who are interested in pythons but prefer a smaller, more manageable species. Their gentle nature and relatively straightforward care requirements make them a worthwhile consideration as a first pet snake.
Factors to Consider When Choosing a Pet Snake
Choosing the right pet snake involves careful consideration of several factors. Each species has unique needs that impact its overall well-being. Aspiring snake owners should thoroughly research these aspects before making a decision.
Size and Lifespan
Snake sizes vary dramatically between species and even within subspecies. Some remain relatively small throughout their lives, while others grow to impressive lengths and girth. It’s crucial to research the adult size of any snake you are considering to ensure you can provide adequate housing throughout its life. Lifespan is another important consideration; some snakes can live for 20 years or more, representing a significant long-term commitment.
Diet and Feeding Habits
Snakes are carnivorous and have specific dietary needs. Most pet snakes are fed rodents, either live, frozen-thawed, or pre-killed. Feeding frequency varies depending on age, species, and individual metabolism. Some snakes are known to be picky eaters, while others are more opportunistic. Understanding the specific dietary requirements and feeding habits of a species is essential for ensuring its nutritional needs are met and preventing feeding-related problems. Consider if you are comfortable handling frozen rodents or if you have access to a reliable source of appropriately sized prey.
Habitat and Environmental Requirements
Creating a suitable habitat that replicates a snake’s natural environment is paramount for its health and well-being. This includes providing appropriate temperature gradients, humidity levels, substrate, and enclosure furniture. Snakes are ectothermic (cold-blooded) and rely on external heat sources to regulate their body temperature. Temperature gradients are crucial, allowing snakes to thermoregulate by moving between warmer and cooler areas within their enclosure. Many snakes require UVB lighting for vitamin D synthesis, mimicking natural sunlight.
Enclosure furniture, such as hides, branches, and water dishes, enriches the environment and allows snakes to exhibit natural behaviors like hiding, climbing, and soaking. The type of substrate should also be carefully considered; some snakes require substrates that retain humidity for shedding, while others thrive in drier conditions. Researching the specific habitat and environmental needs of your chosen snake species is crucial for providing a comfortable and enriching environment.
Common Mistakes to Avoid as a Beginner Snake Owner
New snake owners, often driven by enthusiasm, can unintentionally make mistakes that negatively impact their pet snakes. Understanding common pitfalls and proactively avoiding them is essential for responsible snake ownership.
Overhandling
Snakes, while capable of becoming accustomed to handling, are not inherently social animals that crave constant interaction. Overhandling, especially immediately after feeding, during shedding, or when a snake is stressed, can be detrimental. It can lead to regurgitation after feeding, incomplete sheds, and increased stress levels, weakening the snake’s immune system. Learn to recognize your snake’s body language and respect its need for space and quiet, particularly during sensitive times.
Improper Feeding Practices
Feeding prey that is too large can lead to regurgitation and digestive issues. Conversely, underfeeding can result in malnutrition and health problems. It’s crucial to offer appropriately sized prey based on the snake’s girth and age. Always wash your hands before and after handling your snake and its food to prevent the transmission of bacteria and avoid associating your scent with food, which can lead to accidental bites during handling.
Inadequate Enclosure Setup
Incorrectly set up enclosures are a common problem for beginners. Insecure lids can lead to escapes. Insufficient heating or improper temperature gradients can cause stress, illness, and impact vital bodily functions like digestion and shedding. Ensure your enclosure is escape-proof and provides the correct temperature gradient for your specific snake species. Invest in reliable thermometers and thermostats to monitor and regulate temperature accurately.
Neglecting Veterinary Care
Annual veterinary checkups are crucial for maintaining your snake’s health, even if it appears healthy. Veterinarians specializing in reptiles can detect subtle health issues early on, assess nutritional status, and check for parasites. Finding a reptile-savvy veterinarian and establishing a relationship for routine checkups and in case of emergencies is a vital part of responsible snake ownership.
Rescuing Snakes Without Proper Research
While adopting from rescue centers is commendable, beginners should be cautious about taking on snakes with unknown medical histories or temperaments, especially if they are hatchlings or require specialized care. Research reputable rescue centers and inquire about the snake’s history, health records, and temperament before adoption. Be prepared to provide potentially intensive care if adopting a rescue snake, especially one with pre-existing health conditions.
Embrace the Fascinating World of Snakes
Snakes, often misunderstood, are truly captivating and can make rewarding companion animals. This guide provides a foundation for aspiring snake owners, covering essential care tips and highlighting some of the best snake species for beginners. Remember that each snake is an individual with unique needs and a distinct personality. Providing a safe, comfortable, and enriching environment is paramount for their health and happiness. With proper research, preparation, and commitment, you can embark on an incredible journey into the fascinating world of pet snakes. Explore resources like Quality Cage Collection to find high-quality enclosures and supplies for your future scaly friend.
FAQs
What is the friendliest snake to have as a pet?
Corn snakes are widely considered the friendliest pet snakes due to their docile nature, reluctance to bite, manageable size, and ease of handling.
What is the hardest snake to keep as a pet?
The “hardest” snake to keep is subjective and depends on the owner’s experience and preparedness. For beginners, snakes with highly specific environmental needs, complex dietary requirements, or potentially aggressive temperaments, like Green Anacondas (due to size and temperament) or Emerald Tree Boas (due to specific humidity and temperature needs), would be considered more challenging.
Do snakes like to be pets?
Snakes do not experience emotions or social needs in the same way humans or even some other pets do. They don’t “like” being pets in a traditional sense. However, many species can become accustomed to handling and tolerate human interaction, and a well-cared-for snake in a proper environment can thrive in captivity.
Which pet snake is least likely to bite?
Rosy boas, corn snakes, ball pythons, and California kingsnakes are known for their gentle temperaments and are generally less likely to bite compared to many other snake species, making them excellent choices for beginners.
How do I set up a proper temperature gradient for my snake?
To create a temperature gradient, position your heat source (heat lamp, ceramic heat emitter, or under-tank heater) at one end of the terrarium. This creates a warm zone directly under the heat source, while the opposite end of the terrarium remains cooler. Use thermometers placed at both ends to monitor temperatures and ensure they are within the appropriate range for your snake species.
How can I ensure my snake’s enclosure is escape-proof?
Use secure enclosures specifically designed for reptiles. Ensure lids fit tightly and latch securely. Consider using enclosure clips or locks, especially for snakes known to be escape artists. Inspect the enclosure regularly for any gaps or weaknesses that a snake could exploit.
Resources
https://reptilesupershow.com/the-top-10-best-snake-pets-to-own/
https://reptilesmagazine.com/5-great-beginner-pet-snakes/
https://www.everythingreptiles.com/20-most-popular-pet-snakes/
https://a-z-animals.com/blog/the-pet-snakes-that-stay-small/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIYGXmGorRY
https://pethelpful.com/reptiles-amphibians/Top-10-Pet-Snake-for-Beginners-in
Questions?
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Author: Joshua Paulson and Quality Cage Team
Josh is the owner and CEO at Quality Cage Crafters since 2015. During his time at Quality Cage Crafters he has been able to learn from tens of thousands of pet owners and pet educators. He blends his ambition for manufacturing and passion for animal care to create solutions for pet owners, breeders, animal rescues, and zoos. He has brought together a team of great animal lovers to create high quality pet care content for the Quality Cage Crafters audience.
