How Can I Get A Pet Squirrel: Laws, Care, and More?

Are you curious about keeping a squirrel as a pet? You’re not alone! Many people are fascinated by these lively creatures. At PETS.EDU.VN, we’ll guide you through the legalities, care requirements, and ethical considerations of owning a pet squirrel, ensuring you’re well-informed before making this unique commitment. Discover essential squirrel care tips, legal guidelines, and ethical considerations to help you make an informed decision with your potential furry friend.

1. Understanding the Legality of Owning a Pet Squirrel

Before you even think about bringing a squirrel into your home, it’s crucial to understand the legal landscape. Squirrel ownership isn’t universally permitted, and regulations vary significantly from state to state and even at the local level. Understanding these laws is the first and most important step.

1.1 State-Specific Regulations

Many states have specific laws regarding squirrel ownership. Some states allow it without permits, while others require permits, and some completely prohibit it.

States with No Permit Required: Arkansas, Idaho, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wyoming generally allow people to own pet squirrels. However, always double-check the most current regulations as laws can change.
States with Specific Squirrel Types Allowed: New Jersey permits red squirrels and flying squirrels, while Massachusetts and Montana allow only flying squirrels. South Dakota allows squirrels purchased from states where they are legal.
States Requiring a Permit: Delaware, Indiana, Maine, Michigan, Mississippi, Rhode Island, and South Carolina require permits to keep squirrels as pets.

Alt text: Gray squirrel perches on a tree branch, munching on a nut.

States Where Squirrel Ownership Is Unclear: In Florida, the regulations are ambiguous, as squirrels are not specifically mentioned in exotic animal laws. It’s best to consult with the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission for clarification.
States Where Squirrel Ownership Is Prohibited: In all other states and the District of Columbia, keeping a squirrel as a pet is generally not allowed.

1.2 Checking Local Municipalities

Even if your state allows pet squirrels, your local city or county might have additional restrictions. Local ordinances can include specific bylaws about exotic animals, which squirrels often fall under. Contact your local animal control or city hall to inquire about any local regulations that may apply.

1.3 Renter Considerations

If you’re renting, you must get permission from your landlord before bringing a squirrel into your home. A landlord’s rules can supersede state laws regarding pet ownership on their property. Make sure to get written consent to avoid potential eviction or other issues.

1.4 Consequences of Illegal Ownership

Owning a squirrel in a state or locality where it is prohibited can lead to serious consequences, including fines, confiscation of the animal, and even potential legal charges. It’s crucial to do your due diligence and ensure you’re fully compliant with all applicable laws.

According to the Animal Legal Defense Fund, ignorance of the law is not an excuse. You are responsible for knowing and adhering to the regulations in your area.

2. Finding a Reputable Squirrel Breeder

If squirrel ownership is legal in your area, the next step is to find a reputable breeder. Wild squirrels should never be taken from their natural habitat to be kept as pets. This is not only unethical but also often illegal.

2.1 Why Breeders Are Preferable to Wild Squirrels

Squirrels bred in captivity are more likely to be tame and adaptable to living with humans. Wild squirrels, on the other hand, are not socialized to humans and can be aggressive, fearful, and difficult to handle. They also carry the risk of transmitting diseases and parasites. Additionally, many states prohibit owning squirrels rescued from the wild. Purchasing from breeders ensures you get a domesticated animal that will be more enjoyable to own and care for.

2.2 Locating a Reputable Breeder

Finding a good breeder requires research and due diligence. Here’s how to locate a reputable squirrel breeder:

Online Directories and Forums: Start by searching online directories and forums dedicated to exotic pet ownership. These platforms often list breeders and provide reviews from other owners.
Exotic Animal Organizations: Contact exotic animal organizations in your area or nationally. These organizations can often provide referrals to reputable breeders.
Veterinarians: Ask your veterinarian for recommendations. Vets who specialize in exotic animals may have contacts with breeders.

2.3 Questions to Ask a Breeder

Once you’ve identified potential breeders, it’s essential to ask the right questions to assess their practices:

How long have you been breeding squirrels? Experience matters, as it indicates the breeder’s knowledge and commitment.
Can I see the parents of the squirrel? Meeting the parents can give you insight into the squirrel’s temperament and health.
What is the squirrel’s diet? Understanding the squirrel’s current diet will help you maintain consistency and avoid digestive issues.
What is the squirrel’s temperament like? A good breeder will be honest about the squirrel’s personality and any potential behavioral issues.
What kind of health guarantees do you offer? Reputable breeders typically offer health guarantees and are transparent about any known health issues.
Do you provide any ongoing support or resources? A breeder who offers ongoing support is a valuable resource as you navigate squirrel ownership.
Can you provide references from previous buyers? Talking to other owners can give you a better understanding of the breeder’s reputation and practices.

2.4 Red Flags to Watch Out For

Be cautious of breeders who exhibit the following red flags:

Unwillingness to answer questions: A reputable breeder should be open and transparent.
Poor living conditions: If the squirrels are housed in dirty or overcrowded conditions, it’s a sign of neglect.
Lack of health records: A good breeder will keep detailed health records for their animals.
Pushy sales tactics: Be wary of breeders who pressure you to make a quick decision.
Unusually low prices: Exceptionally low prices may indicate poor breeding practices or unhealthy animals.

3. Creating the Right Habitat for Your Pet Squirrel

Squirrels are active and intelligent animals that require a spacious and stimulating habitat to thrive in captivity.

3.1 Cage Size and Design

A squirrel’s cage should be as large as possible to allow for climbing, running, and playing.

Minimum Cage Size: The minimum recommended cage size is 4 ft x 4 ft x 6 ft (1.2 m x 1.2 m x 1.8 m) tall. However, larger is always better.
Material: The cage should be made of sturdy wire mesh with small enough openings to prevent escape.
Vertical Space: Squirrels are natural climbers, so vertical space is more important than floor space.
Secure Bottom: The cage should have a solid bottom to prevent escapes and make cleaning easier. A removable tray is ideal.

3.2 Cage Placement

Where you place the cage is also important for your squirrel’s well-being.

Indoor Location: The cage should be placed indoors in a room with a stable temperature and good ventilation.
Avoid Direct Sunlight: Avoid placing the cage in direct sunlight, as this can cause overheating.
Away from Drafts: Keep the cage away from drafts and cold temperatures, as squirrels are susceptible to respiratory infections.
Quiet Area: While squirrels can adapt to household noises, they should have a quiet area where they can retreat and rest.

3.3 Furnishing the Cage

A well-furnished cage is essential for providing enrichment and simulating a natural environment.

Branches and Climbing Structures: Provide plenty of natural branches, ropes, and climbing structures to encourage climbing and exploration.
Nesting Box: A nesting box or enclosed hideaway should be provided for the squirrel to sleep and feel secure.
Food and Water Dishes: Use heavy ceramic or stainless steel dishes that are difficult to tip over.
Chew Toys: Squirrels have a natural instinct to chew, so provide a variety of safe chew toys made of wood, rope, or hard plastic.
Exercise Wheel: An exercise wheel designed for squirrels can provide an outlet for energy. Ensure it’s a solid-surface wheel to prevent injuries.

Alt text: Happy squirrel explores a spacious cage filled with branches and toys.

3.4 Maintaining Cage Hygiene

Regular cleaning is essential for preventing disease and maintaining a healthy environment.

Daily Spot Cleaning: Remove uneaten food and droppings daily.
Weekly Deep Cleaning: Clean the entire cage thoroughly once a week with a pet-safe disinfectant.
Wash Dishes Regularly: Wash food and water dishes daily to prevent bacterial growth.
Replace Bedding: Replace nesting material regularly to keep it clean and dry.

4. Providing a Nutritious Diet for Your Squirrel

A proper diet is crucial for the health and longevity of your pet squirrel. Squirrels have specific nutritional needs that must be met to prevent deficiencies and health problems.

4.1 The Importance of a Balanced Diet

In the wild, squirrels eat a variety of foods, including nuts, seeds, fruits, vegetables, and insects. In captivity, it’s important to replicate this variety to ensure they get all the nutrients they need. A diet consisting solely of nuts and seeds is not sufficient and can lead to health problems.

4.2 Recommended Foods

A well-balanced diet for a pet squirrel should include:

Squirrel Blocks: These commercially available blocks are specifically formulated to meet the nutritional needs of squirrels. They should make up the bulk of the diet.
Nuts: Offer a variety of nuts, such as walnuts, almonds, pecans, and hazelnuts. Avoid salted or flavored nuts. Nuts should be offered in moderation due to their high fat content.
Seeds: Provide a variety of seeds, such as sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, and flax seeds. Like nuts, seeds should be offered in moderation.
Fruits: Offer a variety of fresh fruits, such as apples, bananas, grapes, berries, and melons.
Vegetables: Provide a variety of fresh vegetables, such as leafy greens, carrots, broccoli, and sweet potatoes.
Insects: Offer mealworms, crickets, or other insects as a source of protein. These can be purchased at pet stores.
Water: Fresh, clean water should always be available. Use a water bottle or a heavy dish that is difficult to tip over.

4.3 Foods to Avoid

Certain foods are toxic or harmful to squirrels and should be avoided:

Chocolate: Chocolate is toxic to squirrels and can cause serious health problems.
Onions and Garlic: These can cause digestive upset and anemia.
Avocado: Avocado contains persin, which is toxic to squirrels.
Processed Foods: Avoid processed foods high in sugar, salt, and artificial additives.
Dairy Products: Squirrels are lactose intolerant and cannot digest dairy products properly.

4.4 Feeding Schedule

Establish a regular feeding schedule to help regulate your squirrel’s appetite and prevent overeating.

Daily Feeding: Offer food once or twice a day, at the same time each day.
Portion Control: Provide a measured amount of food to prevent overeating. Consult with your veterinarian or a squirrel expert for specific portion recommendations based on your squirrel’s age, weight, and activity level.
Fresh Food: Remove any uneaten fresh food after a few hours to prevent spoilage.

4.5 Supplementation

Depending on your squirrel’s diet and health, your veterinarian may recommend certain supplements to ensure they are getting all the nutrients they need.

Calcium: Calcium is essential for bone health. If your squirrel’s diet is low in calcium, a supplement may be necessary.
Vitamin D: Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium. Squirrels that are kept indoors may not get enough vitamin D from sunlight and may need a supplement.
Multivitamin: A multivitamin can help fill any nutritional gaps in your squirrel’s diet.

According to a study by the University of California, Davis, squirrels in captivity often suffer from calcium deficiencies due to improper diets. Supplementation can help prevent these deficiencies.

5. Understanding Squirrel Behavior and Enrichment

Squirrels are intelligent and curious animals that require mental stimulation and enrichment to prevent boredom and behavioral problems.

5.1 Common Squirrel Behaviors

Understanding common squirrel behaviors can help you better care for your pet.

Nesting: Squirrels build nests for sleeping and raising young.
Foraging: Squirrels spend a significant amount of time searching for food.
Burying: Squirrels bury nuts and seeds for later consumption.
Climbing: Squirrels are excellent climbers and spend much of their time in trees.
Chewing: Squirrels chew on objects to keep their teeth sharp.
Socializing: Squirrels are social animals and communicate with each other through vocalizations and body language.

5.2 Providing Enrichment

Enrichment activities help keep squirrels mentally and physically stimulated.

Foraging Toys: Hide food in foraging toys to encourage natural foraging behavior.
Puzzle Toys: Provide puzzle toys that require the squirrel to solve a problem to get a treat.
Chew Toys: Offer a variety of chew toys to satisfy their natural chewing instinct.
Climbing Structures: Provide climbing structures such as branches, ropes, and ladders.
Digging Box: Fill a box with dirt or sand for the squirrel to dig and bury items.
Social Interaction: Spend time interacting with your squirrel daily. This can include talking, playing, or simply observing their behavior.

Alt text: Curious squirrel plays with a puzzle toy, trying to get a treat.

5.3 Training and Interaction

Squirrels can be trained using positive reinforcement techniques.

Clicker Training: Use a clicker to mark desired behaviors and reward with treats.
Target Training: Teach the squirrel to touch a target with its nose or paw.
Recall Training: Train the squirrel to come when called.
Handling: Handle your squirrel gently and regularly to help them become comfortable with human interaction.

5.4 Recognizing Signs of Boredom or Stress

It’s important to recognize signs of boredom or stress in your squirrel so you can adjust their environment and routine accordingly.

Excessive Chewing: Chewing on inappropriate objects can be a sign of boredom or stress.
Pacing: Pacing back and forth in the cage can indicate anxiety or frustration.
Self-Mutilation: Excessive grooming or self-biting can be a sign of stress.
Aggression: Aggression towards humans or other animals can be a sign of stress or fear.
Loss of Appetite: A sudden loss of appetite can indicate illness or stress.

6. Common Health Problems in Pet Squirrels

Like all animals, squirrels are susceptible to certain health problems. Knowing what to look for can help you provide prompt veterinary care and keep your squirrel healthy.

6.1 Dental Problems

Squirrels’ teeth grow continuously, so they need to chew on objects to keep them worn down.

Malocclusion: If the teeth don’t align properly, they can overgrow and cause difficulty eating.
Abscesses: Abscesses can form in the mouth due to dental problems or injuries.
Prevention: Provide plenty of chew toys and schedule regular dental checkups with your veterinarian.

6.2 Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD)

MBD is a common problem in pet squirrels caused by a calcium deficiency.

Symptoms: Symptoms include weakness, bone fractures, and seizures.
Prevention: Provide a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, and supplement if necessary.
Treatment: Treatment involves calcium supplementation and supportive care.

6.3 Parasites

Squirrels can be infected with internal and external parasites.

Internal Parasites: Common internal parasites include worms and protozoa. Symptoms can include diarrhea, weight loss, and vomiting.
External Parasites: Common external parasites include fleas, mites, and ticks. Symptoms can include itching, hair loss, and skin irritation.
Prevention: Practice good hygiene and schedule regular veterinary checkups for parasite prevention and treatment.

6.4 Respiratory Infections

Squirrels are susceptible to respiratory infections, especially in cold or drafty environments.

Symptoms: Symptoms include sneezing, coughing, nasal discharge, and difficulty breathing.
Prevention: Keep the cage in a warm, draft-free environment and provide good ventilation.
Treatment: Treatment involves antibiotics and supportive care.

6.5 Skin Problems

Squirrels can develop skin problems due to allergies, infections, or parasites.

Symptoms: Symptoms include itching, redness, hair loss, and skin lesions.
Prevention: Provide a clean and healthy environment and consult with your veterinarian about potential allergies or infections.
Treatment: Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may involve medications or topical treatments.

6.6 Trauma

Squirrels are active animals and can be prone to injuries from falls or accidents.

Symptoms: Symptoms depend on the type and severity of the injury and may include limping, swelling, and pain.
Prevention: Provide a safe environment and supervise your squirrel during playtime.
Treatment: Treatment depends on the type and severity of the injury and may involve pain medication, splinting, or surgery.

According to the Wildlife Rehabilitation Clinic, trauma is one of the most common reasons squirrels are brought in for care.

7. Finding a Veterinarian Experienced with Squirrels

Finding a veterinarian experienced with squirrels is essential for providing proper medical care. Not all veterinarians are knowledgeable about exotic animals, so it’s important to do your research.

7.1 Why Exotic Animal Vets Are Important

Exotic animal vets have specialized knowledge and training in the care of non-traditional pets like squirrels. They are familiar with the unique health problems and nutritional needs of these animals.

7.2 How to Find an Exotic Animal Vet

Online Directories: Search online directories of exotic animal veterinarians.
Referrals: Ask your current veterinarian for a referral to an exotic animal vet.
Exotic Animal Organizations: Contact exotic animal organizations in your area for recommendations.
Veterinary Schools: Contact veterinary schools in your area, as they may have exotic animal specialists on staff.

7.3 Questions to Ask a Potential Vet

When you find a potential veterinarian, ask the following questions:

What is your experience with squirrels?
Do you have experience treating common squirrel health problems?
What are your fees for routine checkups and emergency care?
Do you offer after-hours or emergency services?
Can you provide references from other squirrel owners?

8. The Ethical Considerations of Owning a Pet Squirrel

Owning a pet squirrel is a significant responsibility that comes with ethical considerations. It’s important to think carefully about whether you can provide the necessary care and environment for these animals.

8.1 Wild vs. Captive-Bred Squirrels

As mentioned earlier, wild squirrels should never be taken from their natural habitat to be kept as pets. This is not only unethical but also often illegal. Wild squirrels are not socialized to humans and can be difficult to handle. They also carry the risk of transmitting diseases and parasites. Captive-bred squirrels are more likely to be tame and adaptable to living with humans.

8.2 Providing a Natural Environment

Squirrels have specific needs and behaviors that must be met to ensure their well-being in captivity. It’s important to provide a spacious and stimulating environment that allows them to express their natural behaviors.

8.3 Long-Term Commitment

Squirrels can live for 10-12 years in captivity, so owning one is a long-term commitment. Be prepared to provide ongoing care and attention for the life of the animal.

8.4 Potential for Release

Releasing a pet squirrel back into the wild is generally not a good idea. Captive-bred squirrels are not equipped to survive in the wild and may struggle to find food, avoid predators, and adapt to the environment. Additionally, releasing a non-native species can disrupt the local ecosystem.

8.5 Alternatives to Owning a Squirrel

If you’re not able to provide the necessary care and environment for a pet squirrel, consider other ways to appreciate these animals. You can observe wild squirrels in their natural habitat, support wildlife conservation efforts, or volunteer at a wildlife rehabilitation center.

9. Integrating a Pet Squirrel into Your Home

Bringing a squirrel into your home requires careful planning and preparation to ensure a smooth transition for both you and your new pet.

9.1 Preparing Your Home

Before bringing your squirrel home, take steps to make your home safe and squirrel-proof.

Secure Wires and Cords: Cover or secure any exposed wires and cords to prevent chewing.
Remove Toxic Plants: Remove any toxic plants from your home, as squirrels may nibble on them.
Close Off Small Spaces: Seal off any small spaces where the squirrel could get stuck.
Supervise Playtime: Always supervise your squirrel during playtime to prevent accidents and escapes.

9.2 Introducing the Squirrel to Its New Home

When you first bring your squirrel home, allow them time to adjust to their new environment.

Confine to Cage: Keep the squirrel confined to their cage for the first few days to allow them to acclimate to the new surroundings.
Provide Hiding Places: Provide plenty of hiding places in the cage so the squirrel can feel secure.
Offer Treats: Offer treats and talk to the squirrel in a calm and soothing voice to build trust.
Avoid Overwhelming: Avoid overwhelming the squirrel with too much attention during the first few days.

9.3 Building a Bond with Your Squirrel

Building a bond with your squirrel takes time and patience.

Spend Time Daily: Spend time with your squirrel daily, even if it’s just for a few minutes.
Offer Treats: Offer treats and praise when the squirrel displays desired behaviors.
Handle Gently: Handle the squirrel gently and avoid sudden movements.
Learn Body Language: Learn to recognize the squirrel’s body language to understand when they are comfortable and when they are stressed.

9.4 Managing Interactions with Other Pets

If you have other pets, it’s important to manage their interactions carefully.

Supervise Interactions: Always supervise interactions between your squirrel and other pets.
Provide Separate Spaces: Provide separate spaces for your squirrel and other pets to prevent conflicts.
Introduce Gradually: Introduce your squirrel to other pets gradually and monitor their reactions.
Never Force Interactions: Never force interactions between your squirrel and other pets.

10. Addressing Common Misconceptions About Pet Squirrels

There are many misconceptions about keeping squirrels as pets. Addressing these misconceptions can help you make an informed decision about whether or not to own a squirrel.

10.1 Misconception: Squirrels Are Low-Maintenance Pets

Reality: Squirrels require a significant amount of care and attention. They need a spacious cage, a specialized diet, enrichment activities, and regular veterinary care.

10.2 Misconception: Squirrels Are Easy to Tame

Reality: Taming a squirrel takes time and patience. Wild squirrels are difficult to tame, and even captive-bred squirrels may be skittish or fearful.

10.3 Misconception: Squirrels Are Clean Animals

Reality: Squirrels can be messy. They scatter food, chew on objects, and require regular cage cleaning.

10.4 Misconception: Squirrels Are Good Pets for Children

Reality: Squirrels are not typically good pets for children. They can be nippy and require gentle handling. Children may not be able to provide the necessary care and supervision.

10.5 Misconception: Squirrels Can Be Left Alone for Long Periods

Reality: Squirrels need daily attention and interaction. They cannot be left alone for long periods without becoming bored or stressed.

Keeping a squirrel as a pet can be a unique and rewarding experience, but it’s essential to be fully prepared for the commitment. By understanding the legalities, care requirements, and ethical considerations, you can provide a happy and healthy life for your pet squirrel. Remember, PETS.EDU.VN is here to support you with reliable information and resources.

FAQ: Your Questions About Pet Squirrels Answered

Still have questions about keeping a pet squirrel? Here are some frequently asked questions and their answers:

1. Is it legal to own a pet squirrel?

The legality of owning a pet squirrel varies by state and local municipality. Some states allow it without a permit, others require a permit, and some completely prohibit it. Always check your local regulations.

2. Where can I get a pet squirrel?

The best place to get a pet squirrel is from a reputable breeder. Never take a squirrel from the wild.

3. What do pet squirrels eat?

Pet squirrels need a balanced diet that includes squirrel blocks, nuts, seeds, fruits, vegetables, and insects. Avoid chocolate, onions, garlic, avocado, and processed foods.

4. How big should a squirrel’s cage be?

The minimum recommended cage size is 4 ft x 4 ft x 6 ft (1.2 m x 1.2 m x 1.8 m) tall. Larger is always better.

5. How do I keep my squirrel entertained?

Provide enrichment activities such as foraging toys, puzzle toys, chew toys, climbing structures, and a digging box.

6. What are some common health problems in pet squirrels?

Common health problems include dental problems, metabolic bone disease, parasites, respiratory infections, skin problems, and trauma.

7. How do I find a vet who treats squirrels?

Search online directories of exotic animal veterinarians, ask your current vet for a referral, or contact exotic animal organizations in your area.

8. How long do pet squirrels live?

Pet squirrels can live for 10-12 years in captivity.

9. Can I release my pet squirrel into the wild?

Releasing a pet squirrel back into the wild is generally not a good idea, as they are not equipped to survive on their own.

10. Are squirrels good pets for children?

Squirrels are not typically good pets for children, as they can be nippy and require gentle handling.

Are you looking for more information on how to care for your pet squirrel? Visit PETS.EDU.VN for in-depth articles, expert advice, and a supportive community of pet lovers. Our resources cover everything from legal guidelines to nutritional tips and enrichment ideas.

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