Does Pet Insurance Cover Pre-Existing Conditions? A Comprehensive Guide

Pet insurance plans generally do not cover pre-existing conditions; however, some companies offer coverage for curable pre-existing conditions after a waiting period. If you’re seeking reliable and detailed information regarding pet insurance coverage for pre-existing conditions, PETS.EDU.VN is your trusted source. Understanding what pet insurance covers and how it applies to your pet’s specific health needs can provide financial security and peace of mind, ensuring your beloved companion receives the best possible care. Explore options for comprehensive pet protection, including accident-only plans, wellness plans, and robust coverage for unexpected illnesses and injuries.

1. Understanding Pet Insurance and Pre-Existing Conditions

A pre-existing condition in pet insurance is any illness, injury, or condition that your pet showed signs of, was diagnosed with, or received treatment for before your insurance coverage started or during the waiting period. These conditions are generally excluded from coverage by most pet insurance policies. Understanding what constitutes a pre-existing condition is the first step in navigating pet insurance options. PETS.EDU.VN helps you explore coverage options tailored to your pet’s unique health history, offering insights into preventative care and long-term wellness strategies.

1.1. Types of Pre-Existing Conditions

Pre-existing conditions can be categorized into several types, each with different implications for coverage:

  • Curable Conditions: These are temporary illnesses or injuries that can be resolved with treatment, such as ear infections or urinary tract infections. Some pet insurance companies may cover these after a waiting period.
  • Incurable Conditions: These are chronic or lifelong conditions, such as diabetes, cancer, or arthritis, which are typically not covered by pet insurance.
  • Bilateral Conditions: These are conditions that affect both sides of the body, such as hip dysplasia or cruciate ligament tears. If a pet had a bilateral condition before coverage, it might not be covered on either side.
  • Hereditary and Congenital Conditions: Hereditary conditions are genetic and passed down from parents, while congenital conditions are present at birth. Some policies may cover these if symptoms appear after the waiting period.
Condition Type Description Coverage Potential
Curable Conditions Temporary illnesses or injuries resolved with treatment (e.g., ear infections, UTIs). May be covered after a waiting period by some insurers.
Incurable Conditions Chronic or lifelong conditions (e.g., diabetes, cancer, arthritis). Typically not covered.
Bilateral Conditions Conditions affecting both sides of the body (e.g., hip dysplasia, cruciate ligament tears). May not be covered if pre-existing.
Hereditary/Congenital Genetic conditions passed down from parents or conditions present at birth. Some policies cover if symptoms appear after the waiting period.
Exclusions Conditions that are specifically listed as not covered in the pet insurance policy. Not covered under any circumstances.
Waiting Periods The period of time you must wait after purchasing a policy before coverage begins for certain conditions. Coverage begins after the waiting period, provided the condition is not pre-existing.
Policy Limits The maximum amount the insurance company will pay for covered conditions during the policy term. Coverage is limited to the policy limits for each condition.
Deductibles The amount you must pay out-of-pocket before the insurance company starts paying for covered expenses. Coverage begins after the deductible is met.
Coinsurance The percentage of covered expenses you are responsible for paying after the deductible is met. Coverage is split between the insurance company and the policyholder based on the coinsurance rate.
Claim Process The process of submitting a request for reimbursement for covered veterinary expenses. Reimbursement is provided for covered expenses after the claim is processed and approved.
Policy Renewals The process of renewing your pet insurance policy at the end of the policy term. Policy can be renewed with potential changes in premium and coverage based on pet’s health.
Coverage Options Different types of coverage offered by pet insurance companies, such as accident-only, accident and illness, and wellness plans. Coverage varies based on the chosen plan.

1.2. How Insurers Define Pre-Existing Conditions

Pet insurance companies determine pre-existing conditions through veterinary records, physical examinations, and the pet’s medical history. When you enroll in a new policy, the insurer may request your pet’s medical records to review their health history. They will look for any signs, symptoms, or previous diagnoses that indicate a condition existed before coverage began. Additionally, a veterinary examination may be required to assess your pet’s current health status and identify any pre-existing issues.

  • Medical Records Review: Insurers analyze past veterinary records for any mentions of symptoms, diagnoses, or treatments.
  • Veterinary Examination: A current exam can reveal ongoing issues or past conditions that were not previously documented.
  • Waiting Periods: Conditions that appear or are diagnosed during the waiting period are also considered pre-existing.

1.3. The Importance of Understanding Policy Terms

Carefully reviewing the terms and conditions of your pet insurance policy is essential. Understanding the definitions, exclusions, and waiting periods can prevent unexpected claim denials. Pay close attention to how the policy defines pre-existing conditions and any clauses related to curable or bilateral conditions. PETS.EDU.VN provides clear, concise explanations of policy terms to help you make informed decisions.

2. Finding Pet Insurance That Covers Some Pre-Existing Conditions

While most pet insurance policies exclude pre-existing conditions, there are exceptions. Some companies offer coverage for curable pre-existing conditions after a specified waiting period. Additionally, some insurers may provide riders or add-ons that cover certain hereditary or congenital conditions.

2.1. Companies That Offer Coverage for Curable Conditions

Several pet insurance companies offer coverage for curable pre-existing conditions if your pet remains symptom-free and treatment-free for a specific period, typically ranging from 180 days to one year. These companies include:

  • ASPCA Pet Health Insurance: Covers curable pre-existing conditions (except for knee and ligament conditions) if your pet is symptom-free and treatment-free for 180 days.
  • Embrace: Covers curable pre-existing conditions if your pet is symptom-free and treatment-free for 12 months.
  • Fetch: Covers curable pre-existing conditions if your pet shows no symptoms within 12 months from the date of policy purchase.
  • Hartville: Covers curable pre-existing conditions if the pet has been symptom-free and had no further treatment for 180 days.
  • Lemonade: Covers pre-existing conditions that have been cured and resolved for at least 12 months, depending on the state.
  • Pets Best: Covers curable pre-existing conditions (except for knee and ligament conditions) if the condition has been symptom-free and treatment-free for 180 days.
  • Prudent Pet: Covers an illness or injury that is a one-time incident that resolves on its own or through treatment. If your pet’s condition has been resolved by a licensed veterinarian and remains free of treatment for related symptoms for at least 365 days your pet’s condition may be covered.
  • Pumpkin: Covers curable conditions (except for knee and ligament conditions) that have been treatment-free and symptom-free for 180 days.
  • Spot: Covers curable conditions if your pet was symptom-free and received no professional treatment for 180 days (except for knee and ligament conditions).
Insurance Company Coverage for Curable Conditions Waiting Period
ASPCA Pet Health Insurance Covers if symptom-free and treatment-free for 180 days (except knee and ligament). Standard waiting periods apply.
Embrace Covers if symptom-free and treatment-free for 12 months. Standard waiting periods apply.
Fetch Covers if no symptoms within 12 months from policy purchase. Standard waiting periods apply.
Hartville Covers if symptom-free and treatment-free for 180 days. Standard waiting periods apply.
Lemonade Covers if cured and resolved for at least 12 months (depending on state). Standard waiting periods apply.
Pets Best Covers if symptom-free and treatment-free for 180 days (except knee and ligament). Standard waiting periods apply.
Prudent Pet Covers if condition resolves and pet remains free of treatment for related symptoms for at least 365 days. Standard waiting periods apply.
Pumpkin Covers if treatment-free and symptom-free for 180 days (except knee and ligament). Standard waiting periods apply.
Spot Covers if symptom-free and no professional treatment for 180 days (except knee and ligament). Standard waiting periods apply.
Trupanion Does not cover any pre-existing conditions. N/A
Nationwide May review cured pre-existing conditions for potential exceptions. Standard waiting periods apply; exceptions reviewed on a case-by-case basis.
Healthy Paws Does not cover curable pre-existing conditions. N/A
MetLife Covers pre-existing conditions previously covered under a MetLife group benefits policy. Varies depending on the specific policy and previous coverage.
Figo Recommends calling Customer Experience to determine eligibility after being symptom-free within 12 months. Standard waiting periods apply; eligibility determined on a case-by-case basis.
Chewy (through Lemonade) Curable pre-existing conditions resolved for at least 12 months may be covered. Standard waiting periods apply.
Felix Pre-existing conditions may be eligible after a 365-day waiting period. 365 days for eligibility consideration.

2.2. Understanding Waiting Periods

Waiting periods are the time between when your pet insurance policy becomes effective and when coverage begins for certain conditions. Most pet insurance companies have standard waiting periods for illnesses and injuries, while some have longer waiting periods for specific conditions like orthopedic issues. It’s crucial to understand these waiting periods, as any condition diagnosed or showing symptoms during this time will likely be considered pre-existing.

2.3. Riders and Add-Ons for Hereditary and Congenital Conditions

Some pet insurance companies offer riders or add-ons that can provide coverage for certain hereditary and congenital conditions. These riders may come at an additional cost but can be valuable if your pet is predisposed to certain genetic conditions. Review the policy details to see if these options are available and what specific conditions they cover.

3. How Pre-Existing Conditions Affect Pet Insurance Coverage

Pre-existing conditions significantly impact what your pet insurance policy will cover. Understanding these effects can help you manage your expectations and plan for your pet’s healthcare needs.

3.1. What Is Typically Not Covered?

Generally, pet insurance policies do not cover any costs associated with pre-existing conditions. This includes:

  • Treatment for the Condition: Veterinary expenses for treating the pre-existing condition itself.
  • Related Complications: Costs associated with complications or secondary conditions arising from the pre-existing condition.
  • Diagnostic Testing: Expenses for tests and procedures related to diagnosing or monitoring the pre-existing condition.
  • Medications: Costs for medications prescribed to manage the pre-existing condition.

3.2. Examples of Incurable Pre-Existing Conditions

Incurable pre-existing conditions are chronic or lifelong illnesses that are typically not covered by pet insurance. Examples include:

  • Diabetes: A metabolic disorder where the body cannot regulate blood sugar levels.
  • Cancer: A disease involving abnormal cell growth that can affect various parts of the body.
  • Arthritis: A degenerative joint disease causing inflammation and pain.
  • Heart Disease: A range of conditions affecting the heart’s structure and function.
  • Kidney Disease: A progressive loss of kidney function.

3.3. The Impact on Premiums

While pre-existing conditions themselves are not covered, they generally do not increase your pet insurance premium. The premium is typically based on factors such as your pet’s breed, age, and location, as well as the coverage level you choose. However, the exclusion of pre-existing conditions means you will need to cover the costs associated with those conditions out of pocket.

4. Steps to Take Before Purchasing Pet Insurance

Before buying a pet insurance policy, take these steps to ensure you get the best coverage for your pet’s needs.

4.1. Review Your Pet’s Medical Records

Obtain and carefully review your pet’s medical records. Look for any mentions of past illnesses, injuries, or symptoms that could be considered pre-existing conditions. This will help you understand what might be excluded from coverage.

4.2. Get a Veterinary Examination

Schedule a thorough veterinary examination for your pet. This can help identify any existing health issues and provide documentation of your pet’s current health status. Share the results with potential insurers for a more accurate assessment of coverage.

4.3. Compare Policies and Coverage Options

Research and compare different pet insurance policies. Look for companies that offer coverage for curable pre-existing conditions or riders for hereditary and congenital conditions. Pay attention to waiting periods, deductibles, reimbursement rates, and annual coverage limits. PETS.EDU.VN offers a comprehensive comparison tool to help you find the right policy for your pet.

5. Strategies for Managing Pre-Existing Conditions and Pet Insurance

Even if your pet has pre-existing conditions, there are strategies to help manage their healthcare costs and maximize your insurance coverage.

5.1. Focus on Preventative Care

Invest in preventative care to keep your pet healthy and minimize the risk of new illnesses or injuries. This includes regular veterinary checkups, vaccinations, parasite prevention, and a balanced diet. Preventative care can help reduce the likelihood of developing new conditions that would require costly treatment. PETS.EDU.VN provides valuable resources on pet nutrition, exercise, and preventative healthcare practices.

5.2. Consider a Wellness Plan

Some pet insurance companies offer wellness plans as add-ons to their insurance policies. Wellness plans typically cover routine care expenses such as vaccinations, annual checkups, dental cleanings, and flea and heartworm prevention. While they do not cover pre-existing conditions, they can help offset the costs of maintaining your pet’s overall health.

5.3. Maintain Detailed Records

Keep detailed records of all veterinary visits, diagnoses, treatments, and medications related to your pet’s pre-existing conditions. This documentation can be helpful when filing claims or appealing coverage decisions. It also allows you to track your pet’s health and provide comprehensive information to your veterinarian.

6. Real-Life Scenarios: How Pre-Existing Conditions Are Handled

Understanding how pre-existing conditions are handled in real-life scenarios can provide clarity and help you anticipate potential challenges.

6.1. Scenario 1: Chronic Allergies

Imagine your dog, Max, has a history of chronic allergies that were diagnosed before you purchased pet insurance. These allergies require ongoing management with special food, allergy medications, and regular veterinary visits. In this case, your pet insurance policy would likely not cover any costs associated with Max’s allergies, including the special food, medications, or allergy-related vet visits. However, if Max develops a new, unrelated condition, such as a broken leg, the insurance would cover the costs associated with treating the broken leg, provided it is not excluded under any other policy terms.

6.2. Scenario 2: Curable Ear Infection

Suppose your cat, Bella, had an ear infection that was treated and resolved six months before you purchased pet insurance. If you choose a pet insurance company like ASPCA Pet Health Insurance, which covers curable pre-existing conditions after a 180-day waiting period, any recurrence of the ear infection after the waiting period would be covered. However, if the ear infection recurs within the 180-day waiting period, it would still be considered a pre-existing condition and not covered.

6.3. Scenario 3: Hip Dysplasia

Consider a scenario where your Labrador, Rocky, was diagnosed with hip dysplasia in his left hip before you enrolled in pet insurance. If Rocky later develops hip dysplasia in his right hip after your policy’s waiting period, this might be considered a bilateral condition. Depending on the insurance company’s policies regarding bilateral conditions, treatment for hip dysplasia in Rocky’s right hip may not be covered, as the condition was pre-existing in his left hip. However, some policies may offer coverage if the condition arises independently in the other hip after a specified waiting period and proper veterinary documentation.

6.4. Scenario 4: Congenital Heart Defect

Let’s say you adopt a kitten, Luna, and discover she has a congenital heart defect. You purchase pet insurance, hoping to cover her treatment. Many standard pet insurance policies do not cover congenital conditions diagnosed before enrollment. However, if you find a policy that offers a rider for congenital conditions and Luna’s symptoms appear after the waiting period, you might receive coverage for her heart condition.

7. Expert Tips for Navigating Pet Insurance and Pre-Existing Conditions

Here are some expert tips to help you navigate pet insurance and pre-existing conditions effectively.

7.1. Buy a Policy Early

Purchase pet insurance as early as possible in your pet’s life, before any health issues develop. This ensures that any future conditions will be covered, as they will not be considered pre-existing. Enrolling your pet in insurance when they are young and healthy is the best way to maximize coverage and minimize out-of-pocket expenses.

7.2. Be Proactive About Your Pet’s Health

Take a proactive approach to your pet’s healthcare. Address any injuries or illnesses promptly and stay current on vaccinations and preventative care. This can help prevent conditions from worsening and reduce the risk of developing new health issues.

7.3. Read the Fine Print

Always read the fine print of your pet insurance policy carefully. Pay close attention to the definitions of pre-existing conditions, exclusions, waiting periods, deductibles, reimbursement rates, and annual coverage limits. Understanding the policy terms is crucial for making informed decisions and avoiding surprises.

7.4. Consider Special Waiting Periods

Be aware of any special waiting periods for specific conditions, such as orthopedic issues. Some pet insurance companies have longer waiting periods for these conditions, and any symptoms or diagnoses during this time will be considered pre-existing. Plan accordingly and consider enrolling in a policy with shorter waiting periods if your pet is prone to certain conditions.

7.5. Not All Insurers Require a Vet Exam

If you prefer to skip the veterinary exam before buying a policy, look for companies that do not require it, such as ASPCA Pet Health Insurance. However, keep in mind that the insurer may still request medical records when you file a claim to determine if a condition was pre-existing.

8. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Pet Insurance and Pre-Existing Conditions

Here are some frequently asked questions about pet insurance and pre-existing conditions to help clarify any remaining concerns.

8.1. How Do Pet Insurance Companies Know About Pre-Existing Conditions?

Pet insurance companies determine pre-existing conditions through veterinary records, physical examinations, and the pet’s medical history. They may request your pet’s medical records when you buy a new policy or when you file a claim.

8.2. Can Symptoms Be Considered Pre-Existing Conditions?

Yes, symptoms can be considered pre-existing conditions, even if your pet has not been formally diagnosed with a condition. If your veterinarian has documented symptoms before your coverage begins and the symptoms are indicative of an incurable condition, it is unlikely that the pet insurance will cover treatment for the underlying problem.

8.3. Can I Get Pet Insurance for a Pet Who Has Pre-Existing Conditions?

Yes, you can still buy pet insurance for a pet who has pre-existing conditions. Many pet insurers cover curable pre-existing conditions if your pet has remained symptom- and treatment-free for a specific period of time. Even if your pet has been diagnosed with an incurable condition, you can still buy pet insurance and be covered for new illnesses and accidents.

8.4. Does My Premium Increase if My Pet Has a Pre-Existing Condition?

No, your pet insurance premium does not typically increase if your pet has a pre-existing condition. However, you will not be covered for veterinary bills related to incurable pre-existing conditions.

8.5. What If a Condition Is Misdiagnosed Before Coverage?

If a condition was misdiagnosed before coverage and later correctly diagnosed as a different condition, the insurance company may review the case. Providing detailed veterinary records and documentation can help support your claim for coverage.

8.6. Can a Pre-Existing Condition Be Covered if It’s a Flare-Up?

If a condition is considered pre-existing, any flare-ups or recurrences of that condition are generally not covered. However, some policies may cover flare-ups of curable conditions after the waiting period has been met.

8.7. What Happens if a Condition Is Only Suspected Before Coverage?

If a condition is only suspected but not formally diagnosed before coverage, the insurance company may still consider it pre-existing if there is documented evidence of symptoms or related issues in your pet’s medical records.

8.8. How Do Waiting Periods Affect Pre-Existing Conditions?

Waiting periods are crucial when it comes to pre-existing conditions. Any condition diagnosed or showing symptoms during the waiting period is typically considered pre-existing and not covered. Understanding the waiting periods for different conditions can help you plan your insurance coverage effectively.

8.9. Can I Switch Pet Insurance Companies if My Pet Has Pre-Existing Conditions?

Yes, you can switch pet insurance companies if your pet has pre-existing conditions. However, keep in mind that the new policy will likely exclude those pre-existing conditions from coverage. Be sure to compare policies carefully and understand the terms and conditions before making a switch.

8.10. What Are Some Alternatives to Pet Insurance for Pre-Existing Conditions?

If pet insurance is not a viable option due to pre-existing conditions, consider these alternatives:

  • Veterinary Savings Accounts: Set up a dedicated savings account to cover your pet’s healthcare expenses.
  • CareCredit: A healthcare credit card that can be used to finance veterinary expenses.
  • Non-Profit Organizations: Many non-profit organizations offer financial assistance for pet healthcare.

9. Leveraging PETS.EDU.VN for Comprehensive Pet Care Information

PETS.EDU.VN is your go-to resource for comprehensive pet care information, including detailed guidance on pet insurance, pre-existing conditions, and preventative healthcare strategies.

9.1. Access to Detailed Articles and Guides

PETS.EDU.VN offers a wealth of detailed articles and guides on various aspects of pet care, including:

  • Choosing the Right Pet Insurance Policy: Learn how to evaluate different policies and select the best coverage for your pet’s needs.
  • Understanding Pre-Existing Conditions: Gain a deeper understanding of what constitutes a pre-existing condition and how it affects your insurance coverage.
  • Preventative Care Strategies: Discover effective strategies for keeping your pet healthy and preventing new illnesses or injuries.
  • Managing Chronic Conditions: Find resources and support for managing chronic conditions in your pet.

9.2. Comparison Tools for Pet Insurance Policies

Use our comparison tools to evaluate different pet insurance policies side-by-side. Compare coverage options, waiting periods, deductibles, reimbursement rates, and annual coverage limits to find the best policy for your pet’s unique needs.

9.3. Expert Advice and Tips

Benefit from expert advice and tips from veterinarians and pet care professionals. Get answers to your questions and learn how to provide the best possible care for your pet.

9.4. Community Support and Forums

Connect with other pet owners in our community forums. Share your experiences, ask questions, and find support from fellow pet lovers. Our community is a valuable resource for navigating the challenges and joys of pet ownership.

10. Conclusion: Making Informed Decisions for Your Pet’s Health

Navigating pet insurance and pre-existing conditions can be complex, but with the right information and resources, you can make informed decisions that protect your pet’s health and your financial well-being. Remember to review your pet’s medical records, compare policies carefully, and prioritize preventative care. PETS.EDU.VN is here to support you every step of the way, providing the knowledge and tools you need to be a responsible and informed pet owner.
Understanding pet insurance and pre-existing conditions is crucial for any pet owner. By taking the time to research and compare different policies, you can find the best coverage options for your furry friend, even if they have pre-existing health issues. Remember, being proactive about your pet’s health and understanding your insurance policy can save you from unexpected financial burdens and ensure your pet receives the best possible care.

Ready to take the next step in securing your pet’s health? Visit PETS.EDU.VN today for more in-depth articles, comparison tools, and expert advice. Explore our resources on preventative care, wellness plans, and strategies for managing chronic conditions. Join our community of pet lovers and share your experiences. Because at pets.edu.vn, we’re committed to helping you make informed decisions for your pet’s well-being. Contact us at 789 Paw Lane, Petville, CA 91234, United States, or Whatsapp: +1 555-987-6543. Your pet’s health is our priority.

FAQ: Pet Insurance and Pre-Existing Conditions

Q1: What exactly is a pre-existing condition in pet insurance?
A1: A pre-existing condition is any illness, injury, or health issue that your pet showed symptoms of, was diagnosed with, or received treatment for before your pet insurance coverage started or during the waiting period. These conditions are typically excluded from coverage by most pet insurance policies.

Q2: Can I get pet insurance for my pet even if they have pre-existing conditions?
A2: Yes, you can still obtain pet insurance for a pet with pre-existing conditions. While many policies won’t cover those specific conditions, you can still get coverage for new illnesses and accidents that may arise. Some companies also offer coverage for curable pre-existing conditions after a certain waiting period.

Q3: How do pet insurance companies find out about my pet’s pre-existing conditions?
A3: Pet insurance companies typically find out about pre-existing conditions by reviewing your pet’s veterinary records. They may request these records when you first apply for a policy or when you file a claim. A vet examination may also be required.

Q4: What types of pre-existing conditions are usually not covered by pet insurance?
A4: Generally, incurable and chronic conditions like diabetes, cancer, arthritis, heart disease, and kidney disease are not covered if they existed before your coverage started. Additionally, bilateral conditions such as hip dysplasia may also be excluded.

Q5: Are there any pet insurance companies that cover curable pre-existing conditions?
A5: Yes, some pet insurance companies, such as ASPCA Pet Health Insurance, Embrace, Fetch, Hartville, Lemonade, Pets Best, Prudent Pet, Pumpkin, and Spot, may cover curable pre-existing conditions after a specified waiting period, typically if your pet remains symptom-free and treatment-free for a certain length of time (e.g., 180 days to one year).

Q6: If my pet had symptoms of a condition before I got insurance, but wasn’t diagnosed until after, will it be covered?
A6: If your pet showed symptoms of a condition before your coverage began, even if a diagnosis wasn’t made until after, the insurance company may consider it a pre-existing condition and exclude it from coverage. This highlights the importance of getting insurance early.

Q7: Will pre-existing conditions increase the cost of my pet insurance premium?
A7: Generally, pre-existing conditions themselves do not increase your pet insurance premium. However, the premium is typically based on factors such as your pet’s breed, age, and location, as well as the coverage level you choose. The exclusion of pre-existing conditions means you will need to cover the costs associated with those conditions out of pocket.

Q8: What is a waiting period, and how does it affect pre-existing conditions?
A8: A waiting period is the time between when your pet insurance policy becomes effective and when coverage begins for certain conditions. Any condition diagnosed or showing symptoms during this waiting period is typically considered pre-existing and not covered.

Q9: Can a pre-existing condition ever be covered if it’s resolved and doesn’t reoccur?
A9: Some pet insurance companies may cover a pre-existing condition if it’s considered curable and your pet remains symptom-free and treatment-free for a specified period, typically ranging from 180 days to one year. Check the policy details for specific terms.

Q10: What alternatives are available if my pet has pre-existing conditions that make insurance too restrictive?
A10: If pet insurance isn’t a viable option, consider alternatives such as setting up a veterinary savings account, using a healthcare credit card like CareCredit, or seeking financial assistance from non-profit organizations that support pet healthcare.

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