Can You Pet An Armadillo: Care, Legality, and Temperament?

Can You Pet An Armadillo? Yes, you can pet an armadillo, but it’s crucial to understand their unique needs and behaviors before considering one as a pet. At PETS.EDU.VN, we offer a comprehensive guide to armadillo care, legality, and temperament, ensuring you make an informed decision. Learn about their specific requirements, ethical considerations, and how to provide a fulfilling life for these fascinating creatures with specialized care tips, exotic pet regulations, and behavior management.

1. Understanding Armadillos as Pets

Armadillos, with their unique armored shells, are fascinating creatures. While they might seem like intriguing pets, it’s essential to understand their specific needs and behaviors before considering bringing one into your home. Unlike domesticated animals, armadillos are wild animals with specific requirements. Let’s delve into the world of armadillos and explore what it takes to care for them.

1.1. Different Species of Armadillos

Of the 20 species of armadillos in the wild, only a few are commonly kept as pets. Each species has its own unique characteristics. The most common types include:

Three-Banded Armadillo: Native to South America, this is the only species that can roll into a complete ball.
Screaming Hairy Armadillo: Known for the noise it makes when handled or threatened.
Big Hairy Armadillo: The largest of the three pet species.

Understanding the specific needs of each species is crucial for providing proper care.

1.2. Is Owning an Armadillo Legal?

Before acquiring an armadillo, it’s essential to check your local laws. Armadillo ownership regulations vary by state and municipality. Since they are wild animals, some areas may prohibit keeping them as pets. Always ensure you are compliant with local exotic pet regulations.

1.3. Ethical Considerations

Like all pets, it’s important to consider whether you can provide an armadillo with everything it needs to thrive. Armadillos need a great deal of care and require unique habitats and environments, so it will take a good amount of your time, energy, and resources to care for one properly. Making sure you’re aware of (and up to) the commitment of ownership is key to ethically acquiring an armadillo.

:max_bytes(150000):strip_icc():format(webp)/brazilian-armadillo-rolls-into-ball-4797926-hero-d2a65e48f448447086f0932c8d979562.jpg “Three-banded armadillo curling up as a defensive mechanism, showcasing its ability to roll into a ball for protection”)

2. Armadillo Behavior and Temperament

Armadillos are generally solitary creatures. In the wild, they only socialize to mate and raise their young. Therefore, keeping multiple armadillos together can lead to clashes. They are often active at night and need room to roam, covering vast territories in the wild. They require deep soil to burrow in, along with insects to forage.

2.1. Understanding Nocturnal Habits

Armadillos are nocturnal animals, meaning they are most active at night. If you’re considering an armadillo as a pet, ensure you can provide a space where it can engage in its nighttime activities undisturbed. Keeping an armadillo in a bedroom might not be ideal for you or the animal.

2.2. Affectionate and Calm Behavior

If raised in a human environment from a young age, pet armadillos can actually be quite affectionate and calm. They can enjoy being petted or sitting on your lap. However, even a tame armadillo raised in captivity from birth can damage your flooring with its sharp claws as it tries to dig for bugs.

2.3. Defensive Postures

Armadillos may walk on their hind legs, using their front claws for balance. While it may seem fun to make your armadillo curl up in a ball, that’s actually a defensive posture for the animal and indicates that it’s under duress.

3. Creating the Ideal Armadillo Habitat

Armadillos cannot be comfortably cared for inside a house due to their natural odor, which is strong and musky. In warm climates, an armadillo must be kept in a large outdoor enclosure that provides both sun and shade. A small wading pool is a welcome addition as well.

3.1. Housing in Warm and Cold Climates

If you live in a cold climate, you will likely have to bring your pet indoors for the winter. However, since armadillos need space to forage and will usually become destructive inside the home, winter home living with this warm-climate species is a near impossibility unless you have an insulated barn or other spacious enclosure. In general, armadillos need their environment to be consistently above 71 degrees Fahrenheit at all times in order to live comfortably.

3.2. Substrate and Burrowing Needs

Armadillos enjoy burrowing in soft ground. If you’re not keeping your pet somewhere where this is naturally available to them, make sure you provide large mounds of mulch or mulch mixed with wood chips in which they can burrow.

3.3. Creating an Outdoor Enclosure for Armadillos

Creating the right outdoor enclosure is crucial for the health and well-being of your armadillo. Here’s a detailed guide to ensure their habitat is safe, comfortable, and stimulating.

Feature	Description	Importance
Enclosure Size	A minimum of 100 square feet per armadillo is recommended. Larger enclosures are always better to mimic their natural roaming habits.	Allows for natural behaviors such as foraging, burrowing, and exploring.
Fencing	Use sturdy fencing that is at least 4 feet high and buried 1-2 feet deep to prevent escape.	Prevents the armadillo from digging out or climbing over the fence.
Burrowing Area	Provide a large area with soft soil, mulch, or a sand-soil mix where the armadillo can dig and create burrows.	Essential for their natural burrowing behavior, providing shelter and security.
Shade and Shelter	Include shaded areas with natural vegetation, such as trees or shrubs, and provide artificial shelters like wooden boxes or caves.	Protects the armadillo from extreme weather conditions and provides a place to hide and rest.
Water Source	Provide a shallow dish or small pool of fresh water for drinking and bathing.	Ensures the armadillo stays hydrated and has opportunities for thermoregulation.
Enrichment	Add logs, rocks, and other natural objects to stimulate their curiosity and provide opportunities for exploration.	Encourages mental and physical activity, preventing boredom and promoting well-being.
Security	The enclosure should be secure from predators such as dogs, cats, and wild animals. Consider adding a roof or wire mesh over the top of the enclosure.	Protects the armadillo from potential harm and ensures their safety.

4. Armadillo Diet and Nutrition

Much like their cousins the sloths and anteaters, armadillos eat insects and small invertebrates like earthworms. If given the chance, armadillos will also eat fruit, eggs, sweet potatoes, and other small vegetables. If you keep an armadillo in an appropriate enclosure, it will use its strong front digging claws to find much of its own food. Check with your exotic animal veterinarian for specific foods to provide your armadillo. Like any pet, armadillos also need constant access to fresh, clean, and clear, non-chlorinated water.

4.1. Understanding Metabolic Needs

Armadillos have a slow metabolism, so some people worry that their pets aren’t eating enough—however, your pet most likely has a normal appetite. They also don’t have many teeth, so if they are eating something other than worms and insects, it must be made soft.

4.2. Creating a Balanced Diet for Your Pet Armadillo

A well-balanced diet is essential for maintaining the health and vitality of your pet armadillo. Here’s a detailed nutritional guide to ensure your armadillo receives the right nutrients.

Food Type	Examples	Nutritional Benefits	Feeding Frequency
Insects	Crickets, mealworms, waxworms, grasshoppers	High in protein and essential nutrients, mimicking their natural diet	Daily, as a primary food source
Invertebrates	Earthworms, snails	Provides essential minerals and moisture	2-3 times per week
Fruits	Berries, bananas, melons	Good source of vitamins, antioxidants, and natural sugars	Sparingly, as occasional treats
Vegetables	Sweet potatoes, cooked carrots, squash	Provides fiber, vitamins, and minerals	2-3 times per week
Protein Supplements	Cooked eggs, lean meats (chicken, turkey)	Additional protein source for growth and muscle maintenance	Sparingly, 1-2 times per week
Commercial Diets	Insectivore diets, specialized reptile diets	Formulated to provide a balanced nutrient profile	As a supplementary food, follow product instructions
Calcium and Vitamin Supplements	Calcium powder, reptile vitamin supplements	Ensures adequate calcium and vitamin intake, especially for young or breeding armadillos	As directed by a veterinarian

4.3. Hydration Tips for Armadillos

Maintaining proper hydration is critical for your armadillo’s health. Here’s how to ensure they stay adequately hydrated.

Fresh Water Availability: Always provide a clean, shallow dish of fresh, non-chlorinated water. Change the water daily to prevent bacterial growth.
Water Source Placement: Place multiple water sources in different locations within the enclosure to ensure easy access.
Hydrating Foods: Offer fruits and vegetables with high water content, such as watermelon and cucumber, to supplement their fluid intake.
Watering System: Consider using a water bottle with a sipper tube designed for small animals to prevent water contamination.
Monitoring Hydration: Check for signs of dehydration, such as sunken eyes, dry skin, and lethargy. Consult a veterinarian if you notice these symptoms.

5. Common Health Problems in Armadillos

Armadillos are one of the few animals known to carry the bacteria that causes leprosy in humans, though cases of bacterial transmission are rare. Little is known about other diseases that are a threat to armadillos; however, they can also transmit rabies.

5.1. Finding Veterinary Care

Veterinary care is hard to find for these unique animals. Note that armadillos are prone to frostbite due to their slow metabolism. It may be hard even for a veterinarian to spot signs of frostbite on an animal whose outer layering is structured to keep most of its soft tissue hidden.

5.2. Identifying and Managing Common Health Issues in Armadillos

Being aware of common health problems can help you provide the best care for your armadillo. Here’s a table outlining potential health issues, their symptoms, prevention strategies, and treatment options.

Health Issue	Symptoms	Prevention	Treatment
Leprosy	Skin lesions, nerve damage, muscle weakness	Regular veterinary check-ups, minimizing direct contact	Antibiotics (long-term treatment)
Rabies	Aggression, paralysis, seizures	Vaccination (if available), avoiding contact with wild animals	No cure; euthanasia is often recommended
Frostbite	Pale or discolored skin, swelling, blisters	Providing adequate shelter and heating in cold climates	Gradual warming, antibiotics, pain management
Parasitic Infections	Weight loss, diarrhea, vomiting	Regular deworming, maintaining a clean enclosure	Anthelmintic medications
Nutritional Deficiencies	Poor growth, skin problems, weakened immune system	Balanced diet with appropriate supplements	Dietary adjustments, vitamin and mineral supplements
Dental Problems	Difficulty eating, drooling, swollen gums	Soft diet, regular dental check-ups	Dental cleaning, tooth extraction

5.3. Creating a First Aid Kit for Your Armadillo

Having a well-stocked first aid kit is essential for addressing minor injuries and health issues. Here’s a list of items to include in your kit:

Antiseptic Solution: For cleaning wounds and preventing infections.
Sterile Gauze Pads: For covering and protecting wounds.
Bandages: For securing gauze pads and providing support.
Veterinary Tape: For holding bandages in place.
Scissors: For cutting bandages and gauze.
Tweezers: For removing splinters or foreign objects.
Saline Solution: For flushing eyes and wounds.
Oral Syringe: For administering medications or fluids.
Latex Gloves: For maintaining hygiene and preventing contamination.
Pet-Safe Thermometer: For monitoring body temperature.
Emergency Contact Information: Including your veterinarian’s phone number and address.

6. Exercise and Enrichment for Armadillos

If kept in the proper environment, armadillos will fulfill all their exercise needs on their own. Many zoos also provide their armadillos with exercise wheels, which can also be an option for your pet if you have the necessary room.

6.1. Creating an Enriching Environment for Your Armadillo

Enrichment activities are essential for the physical and mental well-being of armadillos. Here are several enrichment ideas to keep them active and engaged:

Digging Box: Fill a large container with soil, sand, and leaf litter to encourage natural digging behavior.
Foraging Opportunities: Hide insects or treats in various locations around the enclosure to stimulate their foraging instincts.
Puzzle Feeders: Use puzzle feeders designed for small animals to make mealtime more challenging and engaging.
Scent Enrichment: Introduce new scents, such as herbs or spices, to stimulate their sense of smell.
Rotating Toys: Provide a variety of safe toys, such as balls or chewable items, and rotate them regularly to maintain interest.
Climbing Structures: Offer low climbing structures, such as logs or rocks, to encourage physical activity.
Social Interaction: If housing multiple armadillos, ensure they have enough space and resources to avoid competition and stress.
Sensory Stimulation: Play soft music or nature sounds to provide auditory enrichment.
Environmental Changes: Periodically rearrange the enclosure to create new exploration opportunities.

6.2. Exercise Wheels for Armadillos

While armadillos naturally fulfill their exercise needs through foraging and burrowing, exercise wheels can provide an additional outlet for physical activity, especially in captive environments. Here’s what to consider when providing an exercise wheel for your armadillo:

Size and Design: Choose a large, sturdy wheel with a solid surface to prevent injuries.
Placement: Place the wheel in a safe, accessible area of the enclosure.
Introduction: Introduce the wheel gradually and monitor the armadillo’s interest and usage.
Safety: Ensure the wheel is free from sharp edges or gaps where the armadillo could get caught.
Maintenance: Regularly clean and inspect the wheel for any signs of damage.

7. Grooming Your Armadillo

Armadillos are well-known for their armored plates, which cover the majority of their body. These plates are made of keratin, the same material that your fingernails are made of, and they protect these small mammals from predators by covering their bellies when they curl into themselves. Because of this, armadillos do not need any human grooming, including bathing. However, if you notice the appearance of your armadillo’s plates changing in any way (color, peeling, etc.), make sure to let your vet know immediately.

7.1. Maintaining Your Armadillo’s Health Through Observation

Regularly observing your armadillo’s physical condition is crucial for maintaining their health. Here are key aspects to monitor:

Shell Condition: Check for any signs of damage, discoloration, or abnormalities on the armored plates.
Skin Health: Look for any lesions, inflammation, or parasites on the skin.
Weight: Monitor for any significant weight loss or gain, which could indicate underlying health issues.
Appetite: Observe their eating habits and ensure they are consuming a balanced diet.
Behavior: Watch for any changes in behavior, such as lethargy, aggression, or unusual activity patterns.
Fecal Matter: Check for any abnormalities in their feces, such as diarrhea, blood, or parasites.
Urine: Monitor their urine for any signs of discoloration or increased frequency.
Eyes and Nose: Look for any discharge or swelling around the eyes and nose.

7.2. Shell Care for Armadillos

The armadillo’s shell is made of keratin, the same material as human fingernails, and requires minimal maintenance. Here are some tips for maintaining your armadillo’s shell:

Regular Inspection: Routinely check the shell for any signs of damage, such as cracks, breaks, or peeling.
Proper Diet: Ensure the armadillo receives a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals to support shell health.
Hydration: Provide fresh, clean water at all times to maintain proper hydration, which is essential for shell integrity.
Avoid Harsh Chemicals: Do not use harsh chemicals or cleaning agents on the shell, as they can cause irritation and damage.
Veterinary Consultation: Consult with a veterinarian if you notice any significant changes or abnormalities in the shell’s appearance.

8. Training and Socialization

While armadillos can be sweet and affectionate, they are not particularly known for their intelligence, and thus are not trainable. The most you can expect is an armadillo that is content with being held and pet, which comes with human exposure from a young age. Beyond that, do not expect your pet armadillos to learn any tricks or retain any training.

8.1. Building Trust and Bonding with Your Armadillo

Building a strong bond with your armadillo requires patience and understanding. Here are some tips for fostering a trusting relationship:

Gentle Handling: Handle the armadillo gently and avoid sudden movements that could startle them.
Positive Reinforcement: Use positive reinforcement techniques, such as offering treats, to reward desired behaviors.
Consistent Routine: Establish a consistent routine for feeding, cleaning, and interacting with the armadillo.
Quiet Environment: Interact with the armadillo in a quiet, calm environment to minimize stress.
Hand Feeding: Offer food from your hand to build trust and associate you with positive experiences.
Respect Boundaries: Respect the armadillo’s boundaries and allow them to approach you on their terms.
Avoid Overhandling: Avoid overhandling the armadillo, as this can cause stress and anxiety.
Patience: Be patient and understanding, as it may take time for the armadillo to become comfortable around you.

8.2. Safe Handling Techniques for Armadillos

Handling armadillos requires care to ensure both your safety and the animal’s well-being. Here are some safe handling techniques:

Gloves: Wear gloves to protect yourself from potential scratches and bacteria.
Support: Support the armadillo’s body properly when lifting to prevent injuries.
Avoid Restraint: Avoid restraining the armadillo forcefully, as this can cause stress and injury.
Calm Approach: Approach the armadillo calmly and speak in a soothing voice.
Proper Lifting: Lift the armadillo gently by scooping them up from underneath, supporting their chest and abdomen.
Supervision: Always supervise children when they are handling armadillos.
Hygiene: Wash your hands thoroughly after handling an armadillo.
Veterinary Advice: Consult with a veterinarian for guidance on safe handling practices specific to your armadillo.

9. Purchasing Your Pet Armadillo

You will not want to adopt a wild or adult armadillo, as it will be very difficult to care for and train. Expect to pay $2,000 to $3,000 for a bred and hand-tamed, baby armadillo. Make sure you’re purchasing your pet through an accredited breeder, and inquire as to whether they have the proper certificates in place that allow for legal resale in your state or town.

9.1. Choosing a Reputable Armadillo Breeder

Selecting a reputable breeder is essential for acquiring a healthy and well-adjusted armadillo. Here are some tips for finding a responsible breeder:

Research: Conduct thorough research to identify breeders who specialize in armadillos.
Accreditation: Look for breeders who are accredited by reputable organizations.
Health Records: Ask to see health records and documentation of veterinary care for the armadillos.
Facility Visit: Visit the breeder’s facility to assess the living conditions and overall health of the animals.
References: Request references from previous buyers and contact them to inquire about their experiences.
Knowledge: Choose a breeder who is knowledgeable about armadillo care and can provide guidance and support.
Ethical Practices: Ensure the breeder follows ethical breeding practices and prioritizes the well-being of the animals.
Legal Compliance: Verify that the breeder complies with all local and state regulations regarding the sale of armadillos.

9.2. Questions to Ask Before Buying an Armadillo

Before purchasing an armadillo, ask the breeder these important questions to ensure you are making an informed decision:

Age: How old is the armadillo?
Health History: What is the armadillo’s health history?
Diet: What is the armadillo’s current diet?
Temperament: What is the armadillo’s temperament and socialization history?
Veterinary Care: What veterinary care has the armadillo received?
Housing Requirements: What are the specific housing requirements for the armadillo?
Legal Requirements: Are there any legal requirements or permits needed to own an armadillo in your area?
Support: What kind of support and guidance do you provide to new owners?
Guarantee: Do you offer a health guarantee for the armadillo?
Return Policy: What is your return policy if the armadillo becomes ill or cannot be cared for?

10. Similar Pets to the Armadillo

If you’re interested in pets similar to an armadillo, check out:

Hedgehogs
Sugar Gliders
Tenrecs

Otherwise, check out other exotic animals that can be your pet.

FAQ: Common Questions About Armadillos as Pets

10.1. Are armadillos hard to take care of?

Yes, armadillos are definitely one of the more difficult exotic pets to care for, primarily due to their need for a housing environment that very nearly mimics the one they would experience in the wild.

10.2. Can you domesticate an armadillo?

Not really—while you can acquire an armadillo that has been bred for pet ownership, at the end of the day these are wild animals, and their needs and behavior will largely reflect that.

10.3. How long do armadillos live as pets?

Armadillos can live up to 20 years in captivity and will experience a slightly abbreviated lifespan in the wild (closer to 10 years), thanks to natural predators.

10.4. What do armadillos eat?

Armadillos primarily eat insects, small invertebrates, fruits, and vegetables.

10.5. Do armadillos carry diseases?

Yes, armadillos can carry diseases such as leprosy and rabies, though transmission to humans is rare.

10.6. Can armadillos be trained?

Armadillos are not easily trainable, but they can become accustomed to being handled with gentle and consistent interaction.

10.7. What kind of enclosure do armadillos need?

Armadillos need a large, secure outdoor enclosure with soft ground for burrowing, shelter, and a water source.

10.8. Are armadillos nocturnal?

Yes, armadillos are nocturnal animals and are most active at night.

10.9. Do armadillos need special grooming?

Armadillos do not need special grooming, but regular observation of their shell and skin is important for detecting any health issues.

10.10. Where can I buy an armadillo?

You can buy an armadillo from a reputable breeder specializing in exotic animals.

Conclusion: Is an Armadillo the Right Pet for You?

Owning an armadillo can be a rewarding experience for dedicated and prepared pet owners. At PETS.EDU.VN, we emphasize the importance of understanding and meeting the unique needs of these animals. Consider the long-term commitment, specialized care requirements, and potential health concerns before bringing an armadillo into your home.

Ready to Learn More?

Visit pets.edu.vn for more in-depth information on armadillo care, exotic pet ownership, and veterinary services. Our comprehensive resources can help you make an informed decision and provide the best possible care for your unique pet. Contact us at 789 Paw Lane, Petville, CA 91234, United States, or WhatsApp at +1 555-987-6543. Your journey to responsible pet ownership starts here! Explore specialized care tips, exotic pet regulations, and behavior management on our website.