Can You Buy a Pet Squirrel? Laws, Care, and Considerations

Are you wondering, Can You Buy A Pet Squirrel? The answer varies significantly depending on your location, as squirrel ownership is governed by state and local laws. PETS.EDU.VN is here to provide valuable insights into the legality, care requirements, and ethical considerations of keeping these fascinating creatures as pets, ensuring you’re well-informed before making any decisions. We’ll explore the legal landscape, responsible squirrel care, and alternative pet options.

1. Understanding the Legality of Pet Squirrels

The legality of owning a pet squirrel differs significantly from state to state and sometimes even within local municipalities. It’s essential to research and understand the specific regulations in your area before acquiring a pet squirrel.

1.1. States Where Squirrels Are Legal to Own

Several states have relatively relaxed laws regarding squirrel ownership. These states generally do not require permits or extensive paperwork to keep a squirrel as a pet.

Arkansas: Squirrel ownership is generally permitted.
Idaho: You can typically own a pet squirrel without specific permits.
Louisiana: Pet squirrels are generally legal.
New Mexico: Squirrel ownership is usually allowed.
Oklahoma: Owning a pet squirrel is generally permitted.
Tennessee: Pet squirrels are generally legal to own.
Utah: Squirrel ownership is typically permitted.
Virginia: You can usually own a pet squirrel.
West Virginia: Pet squirrels are generally legal.
Wyoming: Squirrel ownership is typically permitted.

1.2. States with Specific Restrictions

Some states have specific requirements or restrictions on the types of squirrels you can own or how you obtain them.

Nebraska: Requires that the squirrel not be captured from the wild to be a legal pet. This aims to prevent the disruption of local ecosystems and ensure the squirrel is accustomed to human interaction.
New Jersey: Allows only red squirrels and flying squirrels to be kept as pets. Other squirrel species may be prohibited.
South Dakota: Permits squirrels as pets only if they were purchased from a state where they are legal. This ensures that the squirrels come from legitimate sources.
Massachusetts & Montana: Allow pet squirrels, but only flying squirrels. Other squirrel species are typically prohibited.

1.3. States Requiring Permits

In several states, you can own a pet squirrel, but only if you obtain a specific permit from the relevant state agency.

Delaware: Requires a permit to own a squirrel.
Indiana: A permit is necessary for legal squirrel ownership.
Maine: You’ll need a permit to keep a squirrel as a pet.
Michigan: Requires a permit for squirrel ownership.
Mississippi: A permit is needed to legally own a squirrel.
Rhode Island: Requires a permit for owning a pet squirrel.
South Carolina: You must obtain a permit before owning a squirrel.

1.4. States Where Squirrels Are Illegal

In all other states and the District of Columbia, it is generally illegal to keep a squirrel as a pet. These laws are in place to protect native wildlife and prevent the spread of diseases. Always verify local regulations, as city or county ordinances may further restrict or prohibit squirrel ownership even in states where it is otherwise permitted.

1.5. Checking Local Ordinances

Even if your state allows squirrel ownership, local municipalities can have restrictions on exotic animals. Check with your local city or county authorities before seeking a squirrel permit. They may be able to assist you in obtaining one, and they may also have additional bylaws that you need to be aware of when you want to ensure your squirrel is legal to own and care for.

Alt: An eastern gray squirrel perched gracefully on a tree branch, showcasing its typical posture.

2. Finding a Reputable Squirrel Breeder

If you live in a state where squirrel ownership is legal, obtaining a squirrel from a reputable breeder is the most ethical and responsible way to acquire a pet squirrel.

2.1. Why Choose a Breeder?

Domestication: Squirrels from breeders are more likely to be domesticated and accustomed to human interaction.
Health: Reputable breeders prioritize the health and well-being of their animals, ensuring they are free from diseases and parasites.
Legality: Purchasing from a breeder ensures that you are obtaining the squirrel legally and ethically.

2.2. How to Find a Good Breeder

Research: Search online for squirrel breeders in your state or neighboring states where squirrel ownership is legal.
Reputation: Check online reviews and ask for references from previous customers.
Health Records: Ensure the breeder provides health records and guarantees the squirrel is healthy.
Visit: If possible, visit the breeder’s facility to see the conditions in which the squirrels are raised.
Questions: Ask the breeder about their breeding practices, the squirrel’s temperament, and any special care requirements.

2.3. Ethical Considerations

Wild Squirrels: Never attempt to capture and domesticate a wild squirrel. Wild squirrels are not suited to captivity, and it is often illegal to remove them from their natural habitat.
Rescue: Consider adopting a rescued squirrel from a wildlife rehabilitation center or sanctuary if possible.
Support Responsible Breeding: By purchasing from reputable breeders, you support ethical breeding practices and help ensure the well-being of pet squirrels.

3. Understanding Squirrel Behavior and Needs

Squirrels are not typical pets like dogs or cats. They have specific behavioral traits and care requirements that you need to understand before bringing one into your home.

3.1. Natural Behaviors

Chewing: Squirrels have a natural instinct to chew on things. This helps keep their teeth healthy and can be destructive if not managed properly.
Hiding: Squirrels hide food and other objects. They may bury items in your furniture, carpets, or potted plants.
Climbing: Squirrels are excellent climbers and need plenty of vertical space to exercise and explore.
Foraging: Squirrels spend much of their time foraging for food. They need a varied diet to stay healthy.

3.2. Housing Requirements

Large Cage: Squirrels need a large, secure cage with plenty of space to climb, jump, and explore. The cage should be at least 4 feet tall, 3 feet wide, and 2 feet deep.
Enrichment: Provide branches, ropes, ladders, and toys to keep your squirrel entertained and stimulated.
Nesting Box: Squirrels need a nesting box or den where they can sleep and feel secure.
Temperature: Keep the cage in a room with a stable temperature, away from drafts and direct sunlight.

3.3. Dietary Needs

Variety: Squirrels need a varied diet that includes nuts, seeds, fruits, vegetables, and insects.
Commercial Food: You can supplement their diet with commercial squirrel food, but this should not be the only source of nutrition.
Calcium: Squirrels need plenty of calcium to maintain healthy bones and teeth. Provide calcium supplements or foods rich in calcium.
Avoid Toxic Foods: Avoid feeding your squirrel chocolate, caffeine, alcohol, and other toxic foods.

3.4. Socialization and Interaction

Time and Attention: Squirrels need plenty of time and attention to bond with their owners.
Gentle Handling: Handle your squirrel gently and avoid sudden movements that could scare them.
Training: Squirrels can be trained to perform simple tricks using positive reinforcement techniques.
Supervision: Always supervise your squirrel when they are outside their cage to prevent accidents and injuries.

Alt: A squirrel diligently nibbling on a nut, showcasing its natural feeding behavior and adaptability.

4. Potential Health Concerns

Squirrels can carry diseases and parasites that can be transmitted to humans or other pets. It’s important to be aware of these potential health concerns and take steps to prevent them.

4.1. Common Diseases

Salmonellosis: A bacterial infection that can cause diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps.
Leptospirosis: A bacterial infection that can cause fever, headache, muscle aches, and kidney damage.
Tularemia: A bacterial infection that can cause fever, skin ulcers, and swollen lymph nodes.
Rabies: A viral infection that affects the brain and spinal cord. Although rare in squirrels, it is still a concern.

4.2. Parasites

Fleas: Small, wingless insects that feed on blood.
Ticks: Small, blood-sucking arachnids that can transmit diseases.
Mites: Tiny parasites that can cause skin irritation and hair loss.
Roundworms: Intestinal parasites that can cause diarrhea and weight loss.

4.3. Prevention

Hygiene: Wash your hands thoroughly after handling your squirrel or cleaning its cage.
Veterinary Care: Take your squirrel to a veterinarian for regular checkups and vaccinations.
Parasite Control: Use flea and tick preventatives as recommended by your veterinarian.
Quarantine: If you acquire a new squirrel, quarantine it from other pets for at least 30 days to prevent the spread of diseases.

5. The Importance of Proper Veterinary Care

Finding a veterinarian experienced in treating squirrels is essential for ensuring your pet’s health and well-being.

5.1. Finding an Exotic Vet

Search Online: Look for veterinarians in your area who specialize in exotic animals or wildlife.
Referrals: Ask other squirrel owners or wildlife rehabilitators for referrals.
Veterinary Schools: Contact veterinary schools in your region to see if they have exotic animal specialists.

5.2. Routine Checkups

Annual Exams: Take your squirrel to the veterinarian for annual checkups to monitor their health and screen for diseases.
Vaccinations: Discuss with your veterinarian whether your squirrel needs any vaccinations.
Dental Care: Squirrels’ teeth grow continuously, so they may need regular dental care to prevent overgrowth and malocclusion.

5.3. Emergency Care

Know the Signs: Be aware of the signs of illness in squirrels, such as loss of appetite, lethargy, diarrhea, and difficulty breathing.
Emergency Vet: Have a plan for emergency veterinary care in case your squirrel gets sick or injured after hours.

6. Financial Considerations

Owning a pet squirrel can be expensive. You need to consider the costs of housing, food, veterinary care, and other supplies.

6.1. Initial Costs

Squirrel Purchase: The cost of a squirrel from a breeder can range from $200 to $500 or more.
Cage and Supplies: A large cage and essential supplies can cost several hundred dollars.

6.2. Ongoing Costs

Food: The cost of squirrel food can range from $50 to $100 per month, depending on the squirrel’s diet and appetite.
Veterinary Care: Annual checkups and emergency veterinary care can cost several hundred dollars per year.
Supplies: You’ll need to replace toys, bedding, and other supplies regularly.

6.3. Unexpected Costs

Medical Emergencies: Unexpected illnesses or injuries can result in costly veterinary bills.
Damage Repair: Squirrels can be destructive, so you may need to repair damage to your home or belongings.

7. Ethical Considerations of Squirrel Ownership

Keeping a squirrel as a pet raises several ethical concerns.

7.1. Wild vs. Captive

Natural Habitat: Squirrels are wild animals and belong in their natural habitat.
Quality of Life: Captivity can limit a squirrel’s ability to express its natural behaviors and can negatively impact its quality of life.
Conservation: Removing squirrels from the wild can harm local populations and ecosystems.

7.2. Alternatives to Ownership

Wildlife Rehabilitation: Support wildlife rehabilitation centers and sanctuaries that care for injured and orphaned squirrels.
Education: Educate yourself and others about the importance of protecting squirrels and their habitats.
Responsible Wildlife Viewing: Enjoy watching squirrels in their natural environment without interfering with their lives.

7.3. Responsible Ownership

Commitment: If you choose to own a pet squirrel, be prepared to make a long-term commitment to providing proper care.
Legal Compliance: Always comply with all state and local laws regarding squirrel ownership.
Ethical Sourcing: Obtain your squirrel from a reputable breeder or rescue organization.

Alt: A fox squirrel perched on a log within its natural habitat, illustrating its wild essence.

8. Rehoming a Squirrel

If you can no longer care for your pet squirrel, it’s essential to find a suitable new home for them.

8.1. Finding a New Home

Rescue Organizations: Contact wildlife rescue organizations or sanctuaries that may be able to take in your squirrel.
Other Owners: Reach out to other squirrel owners in your area to see if they are willing to adopt your squirrel.
Veterinarians: Ask your veterinarian if they know of anyone who is interested in adopting a squirrel.

8.2. Considerations

Health Records: Provide the new owner with all of your squirrel’s health records and information about its care.
Transition: Help your squirrel adjust to its new home by providing familiar toys and bedding.
Legal Transfer: Ensure that the transfer of ownership is legal and complies with all state and local laws.

8.3. Never Release into the Wild

Releasing a pet squirrel into the wild is never a good idea. Pet squirrels lack the survival skills to thrive in the wild and may also carry diseases that could harm wild populations.

9. Training and Enrichment for Pet Squirrels

Keeping a pet squirrel happy and healthy requires providing plenty of mental stimulation and opportunities for exercise.

9.1. Training Techniques

Positive Reinforcement: Use positive reinforcement techniques, such as rewarding desired behaviors with treats.
Clicker Training: Clicker training can be an effective way to communicate with your squirrel and teach them new tricks.
Consistency: Be consistent with your training and use clear and concise commands.

9.2. Enrichment Activities

Puzzle Toys: Provide puzzle toys that challenge your squirrel to solve problems and find hidden treats.
Foraging Opportunities: Hide food around the cage to encourage your squirrel to forage for their meals.
Climbing Structures: Provide plenty of climbing structures, such as branches, ropes, and ladders.
Rotation: Rotate toys and enrichment items regularly to keep your squirrel interested and engaged.

9.3. Social Interaction

Playtime: Spend time playing with your squirrel each day to strengthen your bond and provide them with social interaction.
Supervision: Always supervise your squirrel during playtime to prevent accidents and injuries.
Safe Environment: Create a safe environment for your squirrel to explore and play in.

10. Alternative Pets to Consider

If you are drawn to squirrels but are concerned about the legal, ethical, or practical challenges of owning one, there are several alternative pets that may be a better fit for you.

10.1. Rats

Intelligence: Rats are highly intelligent and can be trained to perform tricks.
Social: Rats are social animals and enjoy interacting with their owners.
Affectionate: Rats can be affectionate and bond closely with their owners.
Lower Maintenance: Rats are generally easier to care for than squirrels.

10.2. Hamsters

Compact Size: Hamsters are small and easy to house.
Low Maintenance: Hamsters are relatively low-maintenance pets.
Nocturnal: Hamsters are nocturnal, so they are most active at night.

10.3. Guinea Pigs

Social: Guinea pigs are social animals and enjoy living in pairs or small groups.
Gentle: Guinea pigs are gentle and easy to handle.
Herbivores: Guinea pigs are herbivores and have a relatively simple diet.

10.4. Degus

Social: Degus are social animals and thrive in groups.
Diurnal: Degus are active during the day.
Intelligent: Degus are intelligent and curious animals.

10.5. Chinchillas

Soft Fur: Chinchillas have incredibly soft fur.
Clean: Chinchillas are relatively clean animals.
Nocturnal: Chinchillas are nocturnal.

Pet	Pros	Cons
Rats	Intelligent, social, affectionate, lower maintenance	Shorter lifespan, prone to certain health issues
Hamsters	Compact size, low maintenance	Nocturnal, may bite if not handled properly
Guinea Pigs	Social, gentle, herbivores	Require spacious cage, need social interaction
Degus	Social, diurnal, intelligent	Require specific diet, prone to diabetes
Chinchillas	Soft fur, clean	Nocturnal, sensitive to heat and humidity

FAQ About Pet Squirrels

1. Is it legal to own a pet squirrel in every state?

No, the legality of owning a pet squirrel varies by state. Some states allow it without permits, some require permits, and others prohibit it altogether.

2. What do pet squirrels eat?

Pet squirrels need a varied diet including nuts, seeds, fruits, vegetables, and insects. Commercial squirrel food can supplement their diet.

3. How big of a cage does a pet squirrel need?

A pet squirrel needs a large, secure cage at least 4 feet tall, 3 feet wide, and 2 feet deep to allow for climbing and exploration.

4. Are pet squirrels affectionate?

With proper socialization and handling, pet squirrels can become affectionate and bond with their owners.

5. Can pet squirrels be trained?

Yes, pet squirrels can be trained to perform simple tricks using positive reinforcement techniques.

6. What are some health concerns for pet squirrels?

Common health concerns include salmonellosis, leptospirosis, tularemia, and parasites like fleas, ticks, and mites.

7. Do pet squirrels need vaccinations?

Consult with a veterinarian experienced in treating squirrels to determine if any vaccinations are necessary.

8. Can I release a pet squirrel into the wild if I can no longer care for it?

No, releasing a pet squirrel into the wild is not recommended as they lack survival skills and may carry diseases.

9. What are some enrichment activities for pet squirrels?

Enrichment activities include puzzle toys, foraging opportunities, and climbing structures to keep them mentally and physically stimulated.

10. What are some alternative pets to consider instead of a squirrel?

Alternative pets include rats, hamsters, guinea pigs, degus, and chinchillas, each offering unique qualities and care requirements.

Navigating the world of pet ownership can be complex, especially when considering unconventional animals like squirrels. At PETS.EDU.VN, we understand the challenges you face in finding reliable and accurate information. Are you struggling to understand the specific care needs of a unique pet or feeling overwhelmed by conflicting advice? Do you want to connect with experienced vets or find local services tailored to your pet’s needs?

We invite you to explore PETS.EDU.VN, where you’ll discover in-depth guides, expert advice, and a supportive community to help you every step of the way. Whether it’s understanding legal requirements, nutritional guidelines, or behavioral insights, PETS.EDU.VN is your trusted resource.

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