Can You Have A Pet Squirrel In Wisconsin? Navigating the legal landscape of owning exotic animals, specifically pet squirrels, can be tricky. PETS.EDU.VN offers a definitive guide to Wisconsin’s regulations on captive wildlife, helping you understand the rules about keeping these animals and ensuring compliance with local and state laws. Learn about squirrel ownership and responsible pet guardianship today.
1. Understanding Wisconsin’s Captive Wildlife Laws
Wisconsin law strictly regulates the possession and activities involving captive wildlife. These regulations cover a wide array of actions, including taking, transporting, selling, purchasing, introducing, stocking, releasing, hunting, exhibiting, propagating, and rehabilitating wild animals held in captivity. Chapter 169 of the Wisconsin Statutes is the primary legislative framework governing captive wildlife, with additional guidelines and requirements outlined in the Administrative Code of the Department of Natural Resources (DNR).
These administrative codes include:
- Administrative Code s. NR 16
- Administrative Code s. NR 17
- Administrative Code s. NR 19
These statutes and codes provide detailed information on captive wildlife regulations in Wisconsin. It is imperative to consult these resources for a comprehensive understanding.
2. Restrictions on Taking Wild Animals from the Wild
Taking any wild animal live from its natural habitat is generally prohibited in Wisconsin. There are, however, some exceptions under specific circumstances and licenses, including:
- Bird Hunting Preserve License: Allows the taking of certain birds within licensed hunting preserves.
- Wild Fur Farm License: Permits the taking of specific furbearing animals for fur farming purposes.
- Rehabilitation License: Authorizes the rescue and rehabilitation of injured or orphaned wild animals, with the intent of returning them to the wild.
- Scientific Research License: Enables the capture of wild animals for legitimate scientific research projects.
- Endangered and Threatened Species Permit: Grants permission to take specific endangered or threatened species for conservation or research purposes, under strict conditions.
- Falconry Permit: Allows the taking of raptors from the wild for falconry, subject to specific training and facility requirements.
- Veterinarians: Veterinarians may take wild animals for the purpose of providing medical treatment, but not for long-term rehabilitation.
Alt: A playful squirrel carefully holding and nibbling on a nut in its natural habitat, showcasing its charm
3. Captive Wildlife Licenses in Wisconsin
To legally possess certain wild animals in Wisconsin, you typically need a captive wildlife license. These licenses come with specific conditions and restrictions, which are detailed below:
3.1. Captive Wild Animal Farm License
A Captive Wild Animal Farm License authorizes the possession of certain wild animals for commercial purposes, such as breeding or sale. It is important to note that this license does NOT authorize the taking or possession of any wild animal directly from the wild or from any other unauthorized or illegal sources. Animals must be obtained from legal sources, such as licensed breeders or out-of-state suppliers, and all acquisition records must be maintained and available for inspection.
3.2. Nonprofit Educational Exhibit License
A Nonprofit Educational Exhibit License allows organizations to exhibit captive wild animals for educational purposes. This license is typically granted to zoos, museums, and educational institutions that can demonstrate a clear educational purpose and maintain proper animal welfare standards. Facilities must meet specific requirements for animal housing, care, and handling, and exhibits must provide accurate and informative educational content.
3.3. Nonresident Temporary Exhibiting License
A Nonresident Temporary Exhibiting License permits individuals or organizations from outside Wisconsin to temporarily exhibit captive wild animals within the state. This license is often used for traveling animal shows or educational displays. Applicants must provide documentation of their qualifications, animal care protocols, and compliance with all applicable state and federal regulations.
3.4. Wild Fur Farm License
A Wild Fur Farm License authorizes the operation of a farm for the purpose of raising furbearing animals for their pelts. Animals commonly raised on fur farms include mink, foxes, and occasionally other species. This license requires adherence to specific standards for animal housing, nutrition, and humane handling, as well as compliance with regulations regarding the sale and processing of fur.
3.5. Bird Hunting Preserve License
A Bird Hunting Preserve License allows the operation of a hunting preserve where captive-raised birds, such as pheasants or quail, are released for hunting. This license requires compliance with specific regulations regarding the size and management of the preserve, the types of birds that can be released, and the hunting seasons and bag limits.
3.6. Deer Farm Fence Inspection Certificate (for Farm-Raised Deer)
To keep farm-raised white-tailed deer, individuals must have a valid Deer Farm Fence Inspection Certificate from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR). This certificate ensures that all farm-raised deer are kept within a fenced area that meets specific standards. It is important to note that all farm-raised deer keepers must also be licensed and registered by the Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection.
3.7. Dog Training Licenses and Dog Trialing Licenses
A Dog Training License allows individuals to purchase, possess, and use certain captive-bred wild animals, such as birds or rabbits, for dog training purposes only. Types of dog training licenses include Bird dog training, Hound dog training, and Dog club training licenses, as well as Hound dog training enclosure permits. A Dog Trialing License authorizes the licensee and participants to engage in organized, competitive field events involving sporting dog breeds. Trialing-related licenses include Bird dog trial licenses, Hound dog trial licenses, and Hound dog training enclosure permits.
3.8. Rehabilitation License
A Rehabilitation License is required for individuals who rehabilitate sick, injured, or orphaned wild animals with the goal of releasing them back into their natural habitat. This license involves specific training, facility standards, and adherence to strict protocols for animal care and release. The primary goal of wildlife rehabilitation is to restore animals to health and independence, and licensees must work in accordance with established best practices.
3.9. Scientific Research License
A Scientific Research License allows researchers to conduct studies involving wild animals for scientific purposes. This license requires a detailed research proposal, justification for the use of animals, and adherence to ethical guidelines for animal care and handling. Researchers must also comply with reporting requirements and provide data on their findings to the DNR. Information, applications, and record and reporting requirements can be found on the department’s Wisconsin endangered resources permits webpage.
3.10. Endangered and Threatened Species Permit
An Endangered and Threatened Species Permit is required for any activities that may affect endangered or threatened species or their habitats. This permit is issued only under specific circumstances, such as for scientific research, conservation efforts, or mitigation projects. Applicants must demonstrate that their activities will not jeopardize the survival or recovery of the species and must comply with strict conditions to minimize any potential harm. Information, applications, and record and reporting requirements can be found on the department’s Wisconsin endangered resources permits webpage.
Alt: The Wildlife Rehabilitation license allows individuals to take care of injured wildlife with the purpose of releasing it back into the wild, showing the compassionate care for animals.
4. General Requirements for Captive Wildlife Licenses
All captive wildlife licenses are subject to several general requirements, including:
- Animal Import Permit: An Animal Import Permit from the Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection is required to import any animal into Wisconsin from another state, province, or country. This permit must be obtained before the animal enters Wisconsin.
- Captive Wildlife Pen Specifications and Transportation Standards: Captive wildlife must be kept in enclosures that meet specific pen specifications and transportation standards to ensure their safety and well-being. These specifications address factors such as enclosure size, construction materials, security, and environmental conditions.
- Application, Record-Keeping, and Reporting Requirements: Licensees must comply with specific application, record-keeping, and reporting requirements. This includes maintaining accurate records of animal acquisitions, sales, transfers, and health, as well as submitting periodic reports to the DNR. Links to information and corresponding forms are typically included under each captive wildlife license.
5. Other Restrictions and Permits
Depending on the nature of the activity and the species involved, additional permits may be required by other DNR programs, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection (DATCP), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), or other agencies. It is essential to contact these agencies for specific regulations and information before acquiring any wild animal.
6. Specific Considerations for Squirrels in Wisconsin
Given the general regulations, owning a squirrel as a pet in Wisconsin is complex. Squirrels are classified as wild animals, and their possession is heavily regulated. Here’s a breakdown of the key considerations:
6.1. Captive Wild Animal Farm License
To legally possess a squirrel in Wisconsin, you would likely need a Captive Wild Animal Farm License. This license allows you to keep certain wild animals in captivity, but it does NOT permit you to take a squirrel from the wild. You would need to acquire the squirrel from a legal source, such as a licensed breeder or an out-of-state supplier.
6.2. Source of the Squirrel
The squirrel cannot be taken from the wild. It must be obtained from a legal source, such as a licensed breeder or supplier. This is a crucial aspect of complying with Wisconsin’s captive wildlife regulations.
6.3. Pen Specifications
If you are granted a Captive Wild Animal Farm license, you must keep the squirrel in a pen that meets specific requirements. These requirements are outlined in the regulations governing captive wild animal farms and are designed to ensure the safety and well-being of the animal.
6.4. Animal Import Permit
If you acquire a squirrel from outside Wisconsin, you will need to obtain an Animal Import Permit from the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection before bringing the animal into the state. This permit helps prevent the introduction of diseases and ensures that the animal meets all necessary health requirements.
6.5. Local Ordinances
Before obtaining a squirrel, it is essential to check with your local government, county ordinance, and municipal laws to ensure that possessing wildlife, including squirrels, is not prohibited in your area. Local regulations can vary widely, and it is your responsibility to comply with all applicable laws.
7. Sourcing a Pet Squirrel Legally
If keeping a pet squirrel is permissible in your area, sourcing it legally is the next crucial step. Here’s how to ensure you’re on the right side of the law:
7.1. Licensed Breeders
Acquire your squirrel from a licensed breeder. These breeders are regulated and inspected, ensuring that the animals are healthy and legally obtained. Request documentation proving the breeder’s credentials and the squirrel’s origin.
7.2. Out-of-State Suppliers
If you’re considering an out-of-state supplier, verify their compliance with both their local regulations and Wisconsin’s import requirements. Obtain all necessary permits and health certifications before transporting the squirrel.
7.3. Avoid Wild Capture
Never attempt to capture a squirrel from the wild. This is illegal and can disrupt local ecosystems. Wild animals may also carry diseases that can be transmitted to humans or other pets.
8. Providing Adequate Housing for a Pet Squirrel
Once you’ve ensured the legality of owning a squirrel, providing appropriate housing is paramount. Squirrels have specific needs that must be met to ensure their health and well-being.
8.1. Enclosure Size and Design
Squirrels are active animals that require ample space to move around. A large, multi-tiered cage is ideal. The enclosure should be tall enough for the squirrel to climb and jump, and wide enough to allow for running.
8.2. Materials and Construction
Use durable, non-toxic materials to construct the enclosure. Wire mesh is a good option, but ensure the openings are small enough to prevent escape. The enclosure should be secure and escape-proof, as squirrels are adept at finding weaknesses in their environment.
8.3. Environmental Enrichment
Squirrels need a variety of enrichment items to keep them mentally and physically stimulated. Provide branches, ropes, and platforms for climbing, as well as toys for chewing and playing. Nest boxes or shelters should also be included to provide a sense of security.
8.4. Location and Temperature
Place the enclosure in a location that is free from drafts and direct sunlight. Squirrels are sensitive to extreme temperatures, so maintain a stable environment. The enclosure should also be located in a quiet area, away from excessive noise and activity.
Alt: A lively pet squirrel with a bushy tail is seen in a spacious enclosure filled with toys, providing a secure and interesting living space.
9. Nutritional Needs of Pet Squirrels
A balanced diet is essential for the health and longevity of a pet squirrel. Here are some key considerations for feeding your squirrel:
9.1. Basic Diet
Squirrels are omnivores and require a varied diet. A good base diet includes:
- Nuts: Provide a variety of nuts, such as walnuts, almonds, and hazelnuts.
- Seeds: Offer seeds like sunflower, pumpkin, and sesame.
- Vegetables: Include leafy greens, carrots, and squash.
- Fruits: Provide small amounts of fruits like apples, berries, and bananas.
9.2. Supplemental Foods
In addition to the basic diet, supplemental foods can help ensure your squirrel is getting all the necessary nutrients. These include:
- Protein: Offer small amounts of cooked eggs, mealworms, or insect larvae.
- Calcium: Provide a cuttlebone or calcium supplement to support bone health.
- Vitamins: A small amount of rodent block can provide essential vitamins and minerals.
9.3. Foods to Avoid
Certain foods are toxic to squirrels and should be avoided at all costs. These include:
- Chocolate: Contains theobromine, which is toxic to many animals.
- Onions and Garlic: Can cause gastrointestinal upset and anemia.
- Avocado: Contains persin, which can be toxic to squirrels.
- Processed Foods: High in sugar, salt, and unhealthy fats.
9.4. Feeding Schedule
Establish a consistent feeding schedule to help regulate your squirrel’s appetite and prevent overeating. Provide fresh food and water daily, and remove any uneaten food to prevent spoilage.
10. Health and Veterinary Care for Pet Squirrels
Regular veterinary care is essential for maintaining the health of your pet squirrel. Here are some key considerations:
10.1. Finding a Qualified Veterinarian
Not all veterinarians are experienced in treating squirrels. Look for a veterinarian who specializes in exotic animals or has experience with rodent care. Ask for referrals from other pet owners or consult with local wildlife rehabilitation centers.
10.2. Vaccinations and Preventative Care
Squirrels may require certain vaccinations and preventative treatments to protect them from common diseases. Consult with your veterinarian to determine the appropriate vaccination schedule and preventative care plan.
10.3. Common Health Issues
Squirrels are prone to certain health issues, including:
- Dental Problems: Overgrown teeth can cause pain and difficulty eating.
- Parasites: Internal and external parasites can cause a variety of health problems.
- Metabolic Bone Disease: A calcium deficiency can lead to weakened bones.
- Respiratory Infections: Squirrels are susceptible to respiratory infections, especially in drafty environments.
10.4. Signs of Illness
Be vigilant for signs of illness in your squirrel, such as:
- Lethargy or Weakness
- Loss of Appetite
- Discharge from Eyes or Nose
- Difficulty Breathing
- Abnormal Behavior
If you notice any of these signs, seek veterinary care immediately.
Alt: A skilled veterinarian is gently checking up on a squirrel’s health, demonstrating responsible healthcare.
11. Behavioral Considerations and Training
Understanding the natural behaviors of squirrels is crucial for successful pet ownership. Here are some key considerations:
11.1. Natural Behaviors
Squirrels are naturally active and curious animals. They enjoy climbing, exploring, and foraging for food. Provide ample opportunities for these behaviors in their environment.
11.2. Socialization
Squirrels are not naturally social animals and may not enjoy being handled. Start handling your squirrel at a young age to help them become accustomed to human contact. Be gentle and patient, and never force them to interact if they are unwilling.
11.3. Training
Squirrels can be trained to perform simple tasks, such as coming when called or using a litter box. Use positive reinforcement techniques, such as treats and praise, to encourage desired behaviors.
11.4. Biting and Scratching
Squirrels have sharp teeth and claws, and they may bite or scratch if they feel threatened. Handle your squirrel with care and avoid sudden movements. If you are bitten or scratched, clean the wound thoroughly and seek medical attention if necessary.
12. Ethical Considerations of Owning a Squirrel
Owning a wild animal like a squirrel comes with ethical responsibilities. Consider the following:
12.1. Animal Welfare
Ensure you can provide a high quality of life for the squirrel, meeting its physical and psychological needs.
12.2. Conservation
Avoid contributing to the demand for wild-caught animals, which can harm wild populations.
12.3. Public Safety
Take precautions to prevent the squirrel from escaping and potentially causing harm to people or the environment.
13. Alternatives to Pet Ownership
If owning a squirrel proves to be too challenging or legally restricted, consider other ways to interact with wildlife:
13.1. Wildlife Rehabilitation
Volunteer at a local wildlife rehabilitation center to help care for injured or orphaned squirrels.
13.2. Wildlife Observation
Enjoy observing squirrels in their natural habitat. Provide food and shelter in your backyard to attract them, but avoid direct contact.
13.3. Education and Advocacy
Support organizations that work to protect wildlife and their habitats.
14. Key Takeaways on Squirrel Ownership in Wisconsin
To summarize, here are the key points to consider regarding squirrel ownership in Wisconsin:
14.1. Legal Requirements
Wisconsin law requires a Captive Wild Animal Farm License to possess a squirrel legally.
14.2. Sourcing
Squirrels cannot be taken from the wild and must be obtained from a legal source, such as a licensed breeder.
14.3. Local Ordinances
Always check local ordinances to ensure that owning a squirrel is permitted in your area.
14.4. Ethical Considerations
Consider the ethical implications of owning a wild animal and ensure you can provide a high quality of life for the squirrel.
15. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
15.1. Can I keep an orphaned baby squirrel I found in Wisconsin?
No, in most cases, it is illegal to keep an orphaned baby squirrel. You should contact a licensed wildlife rehabilitator who can properly care for the squirrel and eventually release it back into the wild.
15.2. What kind of license do I need to keep a squirrel in Wisconsin?
You would likely need a Captive Wild Animal Farm License to legally possess a squirrel in Wisconsin.
15.3. Can I take a squirrel from the wild if it is injured?
No, you cannot legally take an injured squirrel from the wild. Instead, contact a licensed wildlife rehabilitator who is authorized to handle such situations.
15.4. Are there any exceptions to the rule against keeping wild animals?
Yes, there are exceptions for licensed wildlife rehabilitators, scientific researchers, and educational exhibitors who meet specific requirements.
15.5. What are the penalties for illegally possessing a squirrel in Wisconsin?
Penalties for illegally possessing a squirrel can include fines, confiscation of the animal, and potential criminal charges.
15.6. Where can I find a list of licensed wildlife rehabilitators in Wisconsin?
You can find a list of licensed wildlife rehabilitators on the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources website.
15.7. Do I need a permit to transport a squirrel within Wisconsin?
Yes, you may need a permit to transport a squirrel within Wisconsin, especially if you are moving it from one location to another.
15.8. Can I release a pet squirrel back into the wild if I can no longer care for it?
No, it is illegal and unethical to release a pet squirrel back into the wild. Domesticated squirrels may not have the skills necessary to survive and can disrupt local ecosystems.
15.9. Are there any organizations that can help me care for a squirrel I found?
Yes, local wildlife rehabilitation centers and animal rescue organizations can provide assistance and guidance on caring for a squirrel you found.
15.10. Where can I get more information about Wisconsin’s captive wildlife laws?
You can find more information about Wisconsin’s captive wildlife laws on the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources website or by contacting your local DNR office.
16. Resources for Further Information
For more detailed information on Wisconsin’s captive wildlife regulations and related topics, consult the following resources:
- Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR): Visit the DNR website for information on captive wildlife licenses, regulations, and reporting requirements.
- Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection (DATCP): Contact DATCP for information on animal import permits and regulations related to animal health and safety.
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA): Consult the USDA for federal regulations related to the possession and transportation of wild animals.
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS): Contact the USFWS for information on federal laws protecting endangered and threatened species.
- Local Government Offices: Check with your local government, county ordinance, and municipal laws to ensure compliance with local regulations.
17. Stay Informed
Laws and regulations regarding captive wildlife can change, so it is essential to stay informed. Regularly check the websites of the Wisconsin DNR and other relevant agencies for updates and changes to the law.
17.1. Subscribe to Updates
Subscribe to email updates from the Wisconsin DNR to receive notifications about changes to captive wildlife regulations.
17.2. Attend Workshops and Seminars
Attend workshops and seminars on captive wildlife management to stay up-to-date on best practices and regulatory changes.
17.3. Consult with Experts
Consult with wildlife biologists, veterinarians, and legal experts to ensure you are in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.
18. Conclusion: Responsible Pet Ownership
Owning a pet squirrel in Wisconsin is a complex issue that requires careful consideration of legal, ethical, and practical factors. While it may be possible to obtain a Captive Wild Animal Farm License and comply with all applicable regulations, it is essential to weigh the responsibilities and challenges of caring for a wild animal in captivity.
Before acquiring a squirrel, consider the animal’s welfare, your ability to provide appropriate housing and care, and the potential impact on the environment. If you are unable to meet these requirements, consider alternative ways to interact with wildlife, such as volunteering at a rehabilitation center or observing squirrels in their natural habitat.
Remember, responsible pet ownership is about providing a safe, healthy, and enriching environment for your animal, while also respecting the laws and regulations that protect wildlife and the environment. At PETS.EDU.VN, we understand the complexities of pet ownership. We encourage you to explore our resources for in-depth knowledge on animal care, health, and legal guidelines. Contact us at 789 Paw Lane, Petville, CA 91234, United States, or reach out via Whatsapp at +1 555-987-6543. Visit our website pets.edu.vn for more information.
