Can I Have A Coyote As A Pet: Facts

Can I Have A Coyote As A Pet? It’s a question PETS.EDU.VN addresses by exploring the realities of coyote ownership, looking at the challenges of taming a wild animal. Discover why keeping a coyote might not be the ideal choice and learn about alternative pets that offer companionship without the inherent difficulties. We will delve into coyote behavior, legal considerations, and ethical responsibilities, enhancing your understanding of exotic pet ownership.

1. Understanding the Allure and Reality of Coyote Ownership

The idea of keeping a coyote as a pet often stems from a fascination with wild animals and a desire to connect with nature. Coyotes, with their intelligence and adaptability, can seem like intriguing companions. However, the reality of owning a coyote is far more complex than many people realize. Before considering such a decision, it’s crucial to understand what makes these animals unique and why they might not be suitable for domestic life.

1.1. The Appeal of Exotic Pets

Exotic pets, like coyotes, often attract individuals who seek a unique and unconventional companionship. The appeal can stem from:

  • A desire for uniqueness: Owning an exotic animal can set someone apart.
  • Fascination with wildlife: Many are drawn to the untamed nature of wild creatures.
  • Conservation efforts: Some believe they can help conserve the species.

However, these motivations often overlook the significant challenges and ethical considerations involved.

1.2. Why Coyotes Are Different

Coyotes are not domesticated animals like dogs or cats. They possess instincts and behaviors that are deeply rooted in their wild nature. This means:

  • Unpredictability: Coyotes can be unpredictable, especially in unfamiliar situations.
  • Strong prey drive: Their natural hunting instincts can pose a threat to smaller pets.
  • Specialized needs: Coyotes require specific diets, environments, and care that most pet owners cannot provide.

1.3. Legal Considerations

Before even considering owning a coyote, it’s essential to check local and state laws. Many jurisdictions have strict regulations regarding the possession of wild animals.

  • Permits and licenses: Some areas require permits or licenses to own a coyote.
  • Prohibited species: Many places prohibit the ownership of coyotes altogether.
  • Liability: Owners may be liable for any damage or injury caused by their coyote.

Failing to comply with these regulations can result in fines, confiscation of the animal, or even legal charges.

1.4. Ethical Implications

Even if owning a coyote is legal in your area, there are still ethical considerations to ponder.

  • Animal welfare: Can you provide a suitable environment that meets the physical and psychological needs of a wild animal?
  • Conservation: Does owning a coyote contribute to or detract from conservation efforts?
  • Public safety: Does owning a coyote pose a risk to the community?

These questions are crucial in determining whether owning a coyote is a responsible choice.

2. Understanding Coyote Behavior and Needs

To determine if you can realistically accommodate a coyote as a pet, you must first understand their natural behaviors and specific needs. This understanding is critical in assessing whether you can provide a suitable environment for such a wild creature.

2.1. Natural Habitat and Social Structure

Coyotes are highly adaptable animals found in a variety of habitats across North America.

  • Territoriality: They are territorial animals that require large areas to roam and hunt.
  • Social structure: Coyotes typically live in family units consisting of a mated pair and their offspring.
  • Hunting habits: They are opportunistic predators, primarily hunting small mammals, birds, and reptiles.

Trying to confine a coyote to a domestic environment can lead to stress, anxiety, and behavioral problems.

2.2. Dietary Requirements

Coyotes have specific dietary needs that are difficult to replicate in a domestic setting.

  • Raw meat: Their diet consists primarily of raw meat, bones, and organs.
  • Nutritional balance: Providing a balanced diet requires careful planning and knowledge of animal nutrition.
  • Supplements: They may require supplements to ensure they receive all the necessary vitamins and minerals.

Feeding a coyote a commercially available pet food is not sufficient and can lead to health problems.

2.3. Exercise and Mental Stimulation

Coyotes are active animals that require plenty of exercise and mental stimulation.

  • Daily exercise: They need several hours of exercise each day, including running, exploring, and hunting.
  • Mental enrichment: Coyotes are intelligent animals that need mental stimulation to prevent boredom and destructive behaviors.
  • Environmental enrichment: Providing a stimulating environment with opportunities to explore, climb, and dig is essential.

2.4. Common Coyote Behaviors

Understanding common coyote behaviors can help you anticipate and manage their actions.

  • Digging: Coyotes are natural diggers and may dig dens in your yard.
  • Howling: They communicate through howls, which can be disruptive to neighbors.
  • Marking territory: Coyotes mark their territory with urine and feces, which can be unpleasant.

2.5. Comparing Coyote and Dog Behaviors

Feature Coyote Dog
Social Structure Family units, territorial Pack-oriented, adaptable
Hunting Instincts Strong, primarily for survival Varies by breed, often domesticated
Communication Howling, scent marking Barking, body language
Adaptability High, but prefers wild environments High, bred for various domestic roles
Trainability Limited, due to wild instincts High, responds well to training

Understanding these differences is crucial in assessing the feasibility of keeping a coyote as a pet.

3. Challenges of Taming a Wild Coyote

Taming a wild coyote is an incredibly difficult task that requires specialized knowledge, resources, and patience. Even with extensive effort, there is no guarantee of success.

3.1. The Domestication Process

Domestication is a long and complex process that involves selectively breeding animals over many generations to enhance desirable traits.

  • Genetic changes: Domestication leads to genetic changes that make animals more docile and adaptable to human environments.
  • Behavioral changes: Domesticated animals exhibit different behaviors than their wild counterparts.
  • Timeframe: The domestication process typically takes hundreds or thousands of years.

Trying to domesticate a single coyote is unlikely to produce significant changes in its behavior.

3.2. The Importance of Early Socialization

Early socialization is crucial for any animal, but it is especially important for wild animals like coyotes.

  • Critical period: There is a critical period in a coyote’s life when it is most receptive to socialization.
  • Exposure to humans: During this period, it is essential to expose the coyote to humans, other animals, and various environments.
  • Handling: Regular handling and positive reinforcement can help the coyote become more comfortable around people.

However, even with early socialization, a coyote may still exhibit wild behaviors.

3.3. Training Challenges

Training a coyote is significantly more challenging than training a dog.

  • Motivation: Coyotes are not as motivated by food or praise as dogs are.
  • Consistency: Training requires consistency and patience.
  • Professional help: Working with an experienced animal trainer or behaviorist is essential.

3.4. Potential Behavioral Problems

Even with training, coyotes can develop behavioral problems that make them unsuitable as pets.

  • Aggression: Coyotes may become aggressive, especially if they feel threatened or confined.
  • Destructive behavior: They may engage in destructive behavior, such as chewing, digging, or scratching.
  • Escape attempts: Coyotes are prone to escape attempts, which can put them and others at risk.

3.5. Coyote Behavior Problems

Behavior Description Potential Solutions
Aggression Biting, growling, or snapping at people or other animals Professional behavior modification, secure enclosure
Destructive Behavior Chewing, digging, scratching, or destroying property Environmental enrichment, more exercise, secure enclosure
Escape Attempts Trying to escape from enclosure, jumping fences, digging under barriers Secure enclosure, reinforced barriers, monitoring
Howling Excessive howling, especially at night Noise reduction strategies, addressing underlying anxiety
Territorial Marking Urinating or defecating in the house or yard to mark territory Consistent training, cleaning thoroughly to remove scents

Addressing these issues requires a comprehensive approach that considers the coyote’s natural instincts and individual needs.

4. Health and Veterinary Care for Coyotes

Providing proper health and veterinary care for a coyote is another significant challenge. Finding a veterinarian experienced in treating wild animals can be difficult, and the costs associated with their care can be substantial.

4.1. Finding a Specialized Veterinarian

Most veterinarians are trained to treat domesticated animals like dogs and cats. Finding a veterinarian who is experienced in treating coyotes or other wild animals can be challenging.

  • Exotic animal vets: Look for a veterinarian who specializes in exotic animals or wildlife.
  • Wildlife rehabilitators: Contact local wildlife rehabilitation centers for referrals.
  • University veterinary programs: Check with veterinary programs at local universities.

4.2. Vaccinations and Preventative Care

Coyotes are susceptible to many of the same diseases as dogs and cats, including rabies, distemper, and parvovirus.

  • Vaccination schedule: Work with your veterinarian to develop a vaccination schedule.
  • Parasite control: Coyotes are prone to parasites, such as fleas, ticks, and worms.
  • Heartworm prevention: Coyotes can contract heartworm from mosquito bites.

4.3. Common Health Problems in Coyotes

Coyotes are prone to certain health problems that can be difficult to diagnose and treat.

  • Parasitic infections: They can suffer from internal and external parasites.
  • Skin conditions: Coyotes can develop skin conditions due to allergies, infections, or parasites.
  • Dental problems: Their teeth can be prone to decay and gum disease.

4.4. Zoonotic Diseases

Zoonotic diseases are diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans. Coyotes can carry several zoonotic diseases, including rabies, leptospirosis, and tularemia.

  • Rabies: Rabies is a deadly viral disease that affects the nervous system.
  • Leptospirosis: Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that can cause kidney and liver damage.
  • Tularemia: Tularemia is a bacterial disease that can cause fever, skin ulcers, and swollen lymph nodes.

Taking precautions to prevent the transmission of zoonotic diseases is essential.

4.5. Veterinary Care Costs

Service Estimated Cost Frequency
Initial Examination $100 – $200 Once
Vaccinations $50 – $100 per vaccine Annually
Parasite Control $20 – $50 per month Monthly
Dental Cleaning $200 – $500 As needed
Emergency Care $500 – $2000+ As needed
Specialized Vet Visit $150 – $300+ As needed

These costs can quickly add up, making coyote ownership a significant financial burden.

5. Housing and Enclosure Requirements

Providing a suitable habitat for a coyote requires a secure and spacious enclosure that mimics their natural environment. This can be both expensive and challenging to maintain.

5.1. Space Requirements

Coyotes are active animals that need plenty of space to roam and exercise.

  • Large enclosure: The enclosure should be at least several acres in size.
  • Natural terrain: The enclosure should include a variety of natural terrain, such as hills, trees, and shrubs.
  • Secure fencing: The enclosure should be surrounded by a secure fence that is at least 8 feet tall and buried several feet underground to prevent digging.

5.2. Environmental Enrichment

Providing environmental enrichment is crucial for the physical and psychological well-being of a coyote.

  • Digging areas: Coyotes need a place to dig, so provide a designated digging area.
  • Climbing structures: They enjoy climbing, so provide climbing structures, such as logs or rocks.
  • Water source: Coyotes need access to a clean and reliable source of water.

5.3. Shelter

Coyotes need access to shelter from the elements.

  • Den: Provide a den or artificial shelter where the coyote can retreat during extreme weather.
  • Shade: Ensure there is plenty of shade available during the hot summer months.
  • Wind protection: Provide protection from strong winds during the winter.

5.4. Maintaining the Enclosure

Maintaining a coyote enclosure requires regular cleaning and maintenance.

  • Waste removal: Remove waste regularly to prevent the spread of disease.
  • Fence repair: Inspect the fence regularly for damage and make repairs as needed.
  • Vegetation control: Control vegetation growth to prevent the enclosure from becoming overgrown.

5.5. Example Enclosure Layout

Feature Description Benefits
Size Minimum of 1 acre, larger is better Provides ample space for roaming and exercise
Fencing 8-foot tall chain-link fence, buried 2-3 feet underground Prevents escape and unauthorized entry
Digging Area Designated area with loose soil for digging Satisfies natural digging instincts
Climbing Structures Logs, rocks, or platforms for climbing Provides physical and mental stimulation
Water Source Pond or large water trough Ensures constant access to clean water
Shelter Artificial den or natural cave Provides protection from weather and a safe retreat
Vegetation Native trees, shrubs, and grasses Mimics natural habitat, provides shade and cover

Creating such an environment is essential for the well-being of a captive coyote.

6. The Impact on Native Wildlife

Owning a coyote can have a negative impact on native wildlife populations and ecosystems. It is essential to consider these impacts before making the decision to keep a coyote as a pet.

6.1. Predation on Native Species

Coyotes are natural predators, and their presence can decimate local wildlife populations.

  • Small mammals: Coyotes prey on small mammals, such as rabbits, rodents, and squirrels.
  • Birds: They also prey on birds, including ground-nesting species.
  • Endangered species: In some areas, coyotes may prey on endangered species.

6.2. Competition with Native Predators

Coyotes compete with other native predators for food and territory.

  • Wolves: Coyotes compete with wolves for prey and territory.
  • Foxes: They also compete with foxes for food and denning sites.
  • Bobcats: Coyotes can compete with bobcats for resources in certain regions.

6.3. Disruption of Ecosystems

The presence of coyotes can disrupt ecosystems and alter the balance of nature.

  • Trophic cascades: Coyotes can trigger trophic cascades, which are changes in the structure and function of an ecosystem.
  • Biodiversity loss: Their presence can lead to a loss of biodiversity, as certain species are driven to extinction.
  • Habitat degradation: Coyotes can contribute to habitat degradation through overgrazing and trampling.

6.4. Disease Transmission to Wild Populations

Captive coyotes can transmit diseases to wild populations, further endangering native wildlife.

  • Canine distemper: Coyotes can transmit canine distemper to wild canids.
  • Parvovirus: They can also transmit parvovirus to wild canids.
  • Mange: Coyotes can spread mange to wild populations, causing severe skin problems.

6.5. Example Wildlife Impacts

Impact Description Potential Consequences
Predation on Birds Coyotes prey on ground-nesting birds and their eggs Decline in bird populations, disruption of bird migration patterns
Competition with Foxes Coyotes compete with foxes for limited resources Displacement of foxes, reduction in fox populations
Disease Transmission Captive coyotes transmit mange to wild populations Severe skin problems in wild populations, potential death
Ecosystem Disruption Coyotes alter the balance of predator-prey relationships Trophic cascades, changes in vegetation patterns

Understanding these impacts is crucial in evaluating the ethical implications of owning a coyote.

7. Alternative Pets to Consider

If you’re drawn to the unique qualities of coyotes but recognize the challenges and ethical concerns associated with owning one, several alternative pets offer similar companionship without the inherent difficulties.

7.1. Domestic Dogs

Dogs are domesticated animals that have been bred for thousands of years to be companions.

  • Variety of breeds: There are hundreds of different dog breeds to choose from, each with its own unique personality and characteristics.
  • Trainability: Dogs are highly trainable and can be taught a wide range of commands and tricks.
  • Companionship: They are loyal and affectionate companions that bond closely with their owners.

Consider breeds known for their intelligence and loyalty if you’re looking for a pet with similar qualities to a coyote.

7.2. Cats

Cats are another popular pet choice that offers companionship and entertainment.

  • Independent: Cats are more independent than dogs and require less attention.
  • Cleanliness: They are naturally clean animals that groom themselves regularly.
  • Affectionate: Cats can be affectionate companions that enjoy cuddling and playing.

7.3. Rabbits

Rabbits are gentle and quiet pets that can make great companions.

  • Social: Rabbits are social animals that enjoy spending time with their owners.
  • Trainable: They can be trained to use a litter box and perform simple tricks.
  • Affectionate: Rabbits can be affectionate pets that enjoy being petted and cuddled.

7.4. Other Small Mammals

Other small mammals, such as guinea pigs, hamsters, and gerbils, can also make great pets.

  • Low maintenance: These animals are relatively low maintenance and require less space than larger pets.
  • Affordable: They are also relatively affordable to care for.
  • Entertaining: Small mammals can be entertaining to watch and interact with.

7.5. Comparing Alternative Pets

Pet Type Advantages Disadvantages
Dogs Loyal, trainable, affectionate, wide variety of breeds Requires significant time and attention, can be destructive if not trained
Cats Independent, clean, affectionate, lower maintenance than dogs Can be aloof, may scratch furniture
Rabbits Gentle, quiet, trainable, social Requires specialized care, can be destructive if not properly housed
Small Mammals Low maintenance, affordable, entertaining Short lifespan, requires careful handling

Exploring these alternatives can help you find a pet that suits your lifestyle and preferences without the challenges of owning a coyote.

8. The Role of Wildlife Rehabilitation Centers

Wildlife rehabilitation centers play a crucial role in rescuing, rehabilitating, and releasing injured or orphaned wild animals. If you find a coyote pup, contacting a licensed rehabilitation center is the best course of action.

8.1. Expertise in Wildlife Care

Rehabilitation centers have the expertise and resources to provide specialized care for wild animals.

  • Veterinary care: They have access to veterinarians who are experienced in treating wildlife.
  • Specialized diets: Rehabilitation centers can provide appropriate diets for different species.
  • Safe environments: They have safe and secure environments where animals can recover.

8.2. Legal Considerations

It is illegal to possess or care for a wild animal without the proper permits and licenses. Rehabilitation centers operate under strict regulations and are authorized to care for wildlife.

  • Permits: Rehabilitation centers hold permits that allow them to possess and care for wild animals.
  • Compliance: They must comply with all state and federal regulations regarding wildlife care.

8.3. Rehabilitation Process

Rehabilitation centers follow a specific process to rehabilitate injured or orphaned animals.

  • Assessment: They assess the animal’s condition and determine the appropriate course of treatment.
  • Treatment: They provide medical treatment, nutritional support, and behavioral rehabilitation.
  • Release: Once the animal is healthy and able to survive on its own, it is released back into the wild.

8.4. Importance of Releasing Wildlife

The ultimate goal of wildlife rehabilitation is to release animals back into their natural habitat.

  • Conservation: Releasing animals back into the wild helps to maintain healthy populations of native species.
  • Ecosystem balance: It also helps to maintain the balance of ecosystems.
  • Ethical responsibility: Releasing wildlife is an ethical responsibility, as it allows animals to live freely in their natural environment.

8.5. Steps to Take When Finding a Coyote Pup

Step Action Rationale
1. Observe Observe the pup from a distance to determine if it is truly orphaned or injured The mother may be nearby foraging for food
2. Contact Contact a local wildlife rehabilitation center or animal control agency They can provide guidance and assess the situation professionally
3. Do Not Handle Avoid handling the pup unless instructed to do so by a professional Handling can stress the animal and potentially expose you to diseases
4. Follow Instructions Follow the instructions provided by the rehabilitation center or animal control agency They will advise on the best course of action based on the pup’s condition and location

By following these steps, you can help ensure the best outcome for the coyote pup.

9. Community Safety and Public Awareness

Owning a coyote can pose risks to community safety, and it is essential to raise public awareness about the potential dangers. Responsible pet ownership includes considering the safety and well-being of the community.

9.1. Potential for Human-Wildlife Conflict

Coyotes are wild animals, and their behavior can be unpredictable.

  • Attacks on humans: Although rare, coyotes can attack humans, especially if they feel threatened or if they have become habituated to human presence.
  • Attacks on pets: Coyotes are known to attack pets, especially small dogs and cats.
  • Property damage: They can cause property damage by digging, chewing, or scratching.

9.2. Educating the Public

Raising public awareness about coyote behavior and safety is crucial.

  • Community meetings: Organize community meetings to educate residents about coyotes.
  • Educational materials: Distribute educational materials, such as brochures and flyers.
  • Website: Create a website with information about coyotes and safety tips.

9.3. Preventing Habitation

Taking steps to prevent coyotes from becoming habituated to human presence is essential.

  • Secure garbage: Secure garbage cans to prevent coyotes from accessing food.
  • Remove pet food: Do not leave pet food outside.
  • Clear brush: Clear brush and vegetation around your home to reduce hiding places.

9.4. Reporting Sightings

Encourage residents to report coyote sightings to local authorities.

  • Animal control: Contact your local animal control agency to report sightings.
  • Wildlife agencies: Report sightings to state or federal wildlife agencies.
  • Tracking: Reporting sightings can help authorities track coyote populations and behavior.

9.5. Community Safety Measures

Measure Description Benefits
Secure Garbage Cans Use garbage cans with tight-fitting lids Prevents coyotes from accessing food sources
Remove Pet Food Do not leave pet food outside, especially at night Eliminates a readily available food source for coyotes
Clear Brush Keep yards free of dense vegetation where coyotes can hide Reduces hiding places and makes it easier to spot coyotes
Educate Children Teach children not to approach or feed coyotes Prevents habituation and reduces the risk of attacks
Report Sightings Report coyote sightings to local authorities Helps track coyote activity and implement preventive measures

These measures can help protect the community from potential risks associated with coyotes.

10. Finding Reliable Information on Pet Ownership

Navigating the world of pet ownership can be overwhelming, especially with the abundance of information available. It’s crucial to rely on trusted sources to ensure you’re making informed decisions.

10.1. Veterinary Professionals

Veterinarians are the best source of information about pet health and care.

  • Expertise: They have extensive training and experience in animal medicine.
  • Personalized advice: Veterinarians can provide personalized advice based on your pet’s individual needs.
  • Treatment: They can diagnose and treat a wide range of health problems.

10.2. Reputable Breeders

If you’re considering purchasing a pet from a breeder, choose a reputable breeder who prioritizes the health and well-being of their animals.

  • Health screenings: Reputable breeders conduct health screenings to ensure their animals are free from genetic diseases.
  • Proper care: They provide proper care and socialization for their animals.
  • References: Reputable breeders can provide references from previous customers.

10.3. Animal Shelters and Rescue Organizations

Animal shelters and rescue organizations are great resources for finding a pet and learning about responsible pet ownership.

  • Adoption: They offer a wide variety of animals for adoption.
  • Information: Shelters and rescue organizations can provide information about pet care, training, and behavior.
  • Support: They can also offer support and resources to pet owners.

10.4. Reliable Online Resources

There are many reliable online resources that can provide information about pet ownership.

  • Veterinary websites: Websites run by veterinary organizations, such as the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), are reliable sources of information.
  • Animal welfare organizations: Websites run by animal welfare organizations, such as the ASPCA and the Humane Society, provide information about pet care and advocacy.
  • Educational websites: PETS.EDU.VN is dedicated to offering comprehensive and accurate information on pet care.

10.5. Evaluating Information Sources

Source Advantages Disadvantages
Veterinary Professionals Expert knowledge, personalized advice Can be expensive, may require appointments
Reputable Breeders Healthy animals, proper care and socialization Can be costly, requires thorough research to find a reputable breeder
Shelters/Rescues Wide variety of animals, information about pet care, support Animals may have unknown history or health issues
Online Resources Convenient, accessible, wide range of information Information can be inaccurate or biased, requires careful evaluation of sources

Remember to cross-reference information from multiple sources to ensure accuracy and make informed decisions.

In conclusion, while the idea of having a coyote as a pet might seem appealing, the challenges and ethical considerations are substantial. From legal restrictions and specialized care to the impact on native wildlife and community safety, owning a coyote is rarely a responsible choice.

Instead, consider alternative pets that offer companionship without the inherent difficulties. Domestic dogs, cats, rabbits, and other small mammals can provide the love and interaction you seek while being better suited to domestic life.

For more in-depth information on pet care, training tips, and advice on choosing the right pet for your lifestyle, visit PETS.EDU.VN. Our website offers a wealth of resources to help you become a responsible and informed pet owner. Contact us at 789 Paw Lane, Petville, CA 91234, United States, or via Whatsapp at +1 555-987-6543. Let pets.edu.vn be your trusted guide in the world of pet ownership, ensuring a happy and healthy life for you and your furry friend.

FAQ: Coyote as Pets

Question Answer
Is it legal to own a coyote? The legality of owning a coyote varies by state and local laws. Many jurisdictions prohibit owning coyotes or require special permits.
What are the challenges of owning a coyote? Coyotes are wild animals with specific dietary, exercise, and social needs that are difficult to meet in a domestic setting. They can be unpredictable, aggressive, and destructive.
Can coyotes be trained? While some coyotes can be trained to a certain extent, their wild instincts make them more challenging to train than domesticated animals like dogs.
What do coyotes eat? Coyotes primarily eat raw meat, bones, and organs. Their diet requires careful planning to ensure they receive the necessary nutrients.
How much space do coyotes need? Coyotes need a large enclosure that mimics their natural environment, including plenty of space to roam, dig, and explore.
Are coyotes dangerous to humans? Coyotes can be dangerous to humans, especially if they feel threatened or have become habituated to human presence. Attacks on humans are rare but can occur.
How do I find a vet for a coyote? Finding a veterinarian experienced in treating coyotes or other wild animals can be challenging. Look for a vet who specializes in exotic animals or wildlife.
What are the ethical considerations? Ethical considerations include the animal’s welfare, conservation efforts, and public safety. Owning a coyote can negatively impact native wildlife and ecosystems.
What should I do if I find a coyote pup? Contact a local wildlife rehabilitation center or animal control agency. Do not attempt to handle the pup yourself unless instructed to do so by a professional.
What are some alternative pets to coyotes? Consider domesticated animals like dogs, cats, rabbits, or other small mammals. These animals offer companionship without the challenges and ethical concerns associated with owning a wild animal.

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