Snakes often suffer from an undeservedly poor reputation. However, snake enthusiasts are actively working to dispel negative myths and showcase the captivating nature of these slithery reptiles.
Many snake species boast diverse patterns and vibrant, contrasting colors that are vital for their survival and interaction with their surroundings. Their unique personalities and temperaments make them intriguing creatures to observe and interact with. Many species are known for being docile and easily handled, especially in controlled environments like reptile parks and educational shows. It’s therefore not surprising that snakes are gaining popularity as pets.
However, it’s crucial to remember that snake species vary greatly, and not all are suitable for beginners. Thorough research into their specific needs, such as dietary and habitat requirements, is essential for responsible snake ownership. This preparation ensures owners can safely handle their snake companions and maintain their health and well-being.
This guide will cover the fundamental aspects of snake biology, explore the 10 Best Snakes For Pets, discuss key factors to consider when choosing a pet snake, and highlight common mistakes beginner snake owners should avoid.
Snake Basics for Beginners
Snakes are unique reptiles distinguished by their lack of limbs. They move through slithering, utilizing an elongated spine with up to 100 ribs, each connected to powerful muscles.
Forward motion is achieved through a series of muscle contractions that begin at the head and progress towards the tail. Each muscle contraction creates a wave or curve that overlaps with the next, resulting in a smooth, undulating movement. This coordinated muscular action allows for efficient locomotion.
Snakes breathe using a pair of nostrils located on their snout. These nostrils connect to the glottis, a vertical slit at the back of the mouth that opens into the trachea. When swallowing large prey, airflow to and from the lungs can be restricted. To overcome this, snakes can extend their glottis out of the mouth to continue breathing. Like all reptiles, snakes lack a diaphragm.
Snake diets vary widely depending on their size, ranging from small rodents to larger animals like deer. Regardless of prey size, snakes swallow their food whole. Digestion begins in the stomach, which produces potent enzymes capable of breaking down even bones. Hair is indigestible and is regurgitated as pellets.
Temperament varies significantly between snake species. While some are docile and easy to handle, others can be more aggressive or nervous. Understanding snake behavior and snake care is vital. This knowledge allows owners to interpret their snake’s body language, interact respectfully, and potentially build a bond.
The 10 Best Pet Snakes for Beginners
Many first-time snake owners seek species that are easy to handle and relatively simple to care for. The vast diversity of snake species can make choosing the right one overwhelming.
To simplify the selection process, we’ve compiled a list of 10 of the best snakes for pets, particularly suitable for beginners:
1. Corn Snake
In their natural corn snake habitat, corn snakes are found in grasslands, hillside groves, and even abandoned buildings. They typically range from 24 to 72 inches (61 to 182 centimeters) in length and are easily identified by their distinctive belly scales, which resemble maize in various colors and patterns.
Corn snakes may initially be shy, but with consistent, gentle handling, they become docile and friendly. They are also less prone to biting compared to many other snake species, making them excellent best snakes for pets, especially for beginners. In captivity, replicating their natural environment is important. Maintain their enclosure temperature between 72 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit, with a thermal gradient allowing them to thermoregulate.
Dietarily, corn snakes thrive on frozen or thawed rodents like rats or mice. Ensure the prey size is appropriately smaller than the snake’s widest body circumference.
2. California King Snake
California King snakes are found across diverse habitats. They earned the “king” designation due to their natural behavior of preying on other snakes, including venomous rattlesnakes. Despite this predatory behavior towards other reptiles, they are generally docile and friendly around humans.
Adult California King snakes average 3 to 4 feet in length. This manageable size contributes to their status as one of the best snake breeds for pets. A 40-gallon reptile terrarium, with a temperature gradient of 70 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit on the cooler end and 84 to 88 degrees on the warmer end, provides a comfortable habitat.
Similar to corn snakes, California King snakes in captivity readily accept rats or mice as their primary food source, requiring feeding at least once a week. If they feel threatened, they may bite or release a musky odor as a defense mechanism. They are naturally curious and active, so ensuring their enclosure is securely closed is essential to prevent escapes.
3. Rosy Boa
Rosy boas are found in rocky deserts, semi-arid regions, and scrublands. These snakes are considered among the best pet snakes for beginners for several compelling reasons. Their small size is a primary advantage; even as adults, they rarely exceed 4 feet in length. This smaller size makes them less intimidating and easier to handle. They are also known for their gentle disposition and tolerance of human interaction.
For their enclosure, rosy boas require a temperature gradient with a warm end around 90 degrees Fahrenheit and a cooler end between 70 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit. As natural burrowers, they need a deep substrate to facilitate their digging and hiding behaviors.
Rosy boas are relatively low-maintenance in terms of feeding. They can comfortably go for 10 to 14 days between meals. Appropriately sized rodents are their primary dietary requirement.
4. Gopher Snake
For beginners seeking a medium-sized snake, gopher snakes are an excellent option. While subspecies exist, their sizes generally range from 4 to 7 feet. In the wild, these snakes are habitat generalists, thriving in deserts, grasslands, and scrublands.
Gopher snakes are well-regarded as good pet snakes due to their tolerance of handling. They are generally docile and can be handled without much fuss. They are also relatively low-maintenance pets. Their enclosure should maintain a temperature range between 70 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit, and they typically need to be fed every two to three days.
5. Ball Python
Ball pythons are arguably the most popular pet snakes, largely due to their variety of morphs, which offer a wide array of colors and patterns. These snakes are naturally shy and often coil into a ball when feeling insecure, hence their name. However, with patient and consistent handling, they become friendly and docile pets.
Native to West Africa, ball pythons are found in grasslands and savannas. In captivity, they thrive in temperatures ranging from 78 to 92 degrees Fahrenheit. Maintaining proper humidity is also crucial for their health, typically around 50-60%.
Ball pythons can be somewhat finicky eaters, often refusing stale or improperly thawed food. Feeding them freshly killed or properly thawed prey is essential to maintain their health. Providing a hide box in their enclosure is also important, as it offers them a secure space and reduces stress.
6. Western Hognose Snake
Western hognose snakes are recognized for their distinctive upturned snouts, which they use for burrowing in loose substrates. They prefer arid, sandy habitats where they can burrow and hunt for their primary prey: lizards and small amphibians.
These snakes reach a mature length of 14 to 24 inches. For captive-bred western hognose snakes, a 20-30 gallon tank with a secure lid provides adequate space. As pets, they readily accept small rodents like mice and rats. They also require a source of fresh, clean water for drinking and soaking.
Western hognose snakes are generally docile and considered good pet snakes for beginners. Their small size and relatively simple care requirements make them a manageable and engaging choice.
7. Garter Snake
Garter snakes are a diverse group of small snakes often found near streams, rivers, and marshes. A 10 to 20-gallon enclosure can comfortably house one or two garter snakes, as they typically grow to an average length of 18 to 48 inches.
Their natural diet consists of small fish, earthworms, and insects. In captivity, they can also be fed pinkie mice and feeder goldfish. Providing a varied diet is beneficial for their overall health.
Garter snakes are among the best and safest pets for beginner snake owners. They are relatively easy to tame, and their small size simplifies their care. They are active and alert snakes, enjoying exploration and movement. Gentle handling is important to avoid stressing them.
8. Milk Snake
Milk snakes are admired for their striking colors and beautiful patterns, making them some of the most visually appealing snakes. They are often mistaken for venomous coral snakes due to their similar coloration, though milk snakes are harmless.
Milk snakes inhabit grasslands and rocky terrains. They reach lengths of 20 to 60 inches at maturity. Their wild diet includes small birds and lizards, while captive milk snakes readily eat mice and rats. They are constrictors, subduing their prey by constriction before consumption.
Milk snakes are known for being exceptionally docile, a key attribute that makes them an excellent pet choice for beginners. They prefer warmer environments, so a wooden enclosure with heating pads can effectively regulate the temperature to their preference.
9. Common Boa Constrictor
Common boa constrictors are among the largest and heaviest snake species commonly kept as pets. They typically grow to an average length of 6 to 10 feet, with females generally larger than males. Boas are found in dense rainforests and semi-arid habitats in the wild.
These large snakes are constrictors, dispatching their prey by suffocation before swallowing it whole. Their diet includes rodents and rabbits in the wild, and even small pigs for larger individuals. Due to their substantial size and weight, they require a large and robust enclosure with ample space for movement. While generally docile, their size requires confident and experienced handling.
10. Children’s Python
Children’s pythons are relatively small pythons, reaching lengths of 3 to 4 feet. They are known for their calm and docile temperament and do not require excessively large enclosures due to their slender bodies. Young Children’s pythons in captivity thrive on pinky mice fed every few weeks and can transition to larger rats as they mature.
Like all snakes, Children’s pythons are susceptible to respiratory infections and mites. Regular cleaning of their habitat and ensuring proper ventilation are essential preventative measures against these health issues.
Factors to Consider When Choosing a Pet Snake
Prospective pet snake owners should carefully consider several important factors before choosing a snake. Each species has unique needs that directly impact its overall health and well-being.
Key factors include:
Size and Lifespan
Snakes vary dramatically in size and lifespan. Some species remain relatively small throughout their lives, while others grow considerably large and require significant space. Understanding the adult size and typical lifespan of a species is crucial for long-term planning and commitment. Larger snakes will necessitate larger enclosures and potentially more food. Lifespan considerations affect the duration of care you will need to provide.
Diet and Feeding
Snakes have specialized dietary needs, and feeding habits differ between species. Captive-bred snakes often readily accept frozen or thawed rodents, making feeding convenient. However, some snakes, particularly those wild-caught, may prefer live prey or have more specific dietary requirements. Owners should be prepared for the feeding methods and prey types appropriate for their chosen snake. Both frozen/thawed and live feeding have their own set of considerations in terms of safety and nutritional value.
Habitat and Environmental Needs
Creating a suitable habitat is paramount for snake health. Enclosures can be purchased or custom-built, but must mimic the snake’s natural environment as closely as possible.
Many snakes require basking areas to absorb heat and UV light, which is essential for vitamin D synthesis and overall health. UVB lighting should be incorporated into the enclosure to simulate natural day and night cycles and provide necessary UVB radiation.
Snakes are ectothermic (cold-blooded) and rely on external heat sources to regulate their body temperature. Enclosures must have temperature regulators to create a thermal gradient, allowing snakes to move between warmer basking spots and cooler areas. This temperature gradient is crucial for proper digestion, shedding, and overall physiological function.
Appropriate bedding or substrate is needed for comfortable movement and burrowing, depending on the species’ natural behaviors. Some species are semi-arboreal and benefit from climbing structures like branches and vines within their enclosure.
Hide boxes are also essential, providing snakes with secure, private spaces for feeding, shedding, and reducing stress. These are particularly important for naturally shy species.
Common Mistakes to Avoid as a Beginner Snake Owner
Beginner snake owners often make common mistakes due to inexperience or excitement. It’s crucial to recognize that snakes are individuals with varying personalities and behaviors.
Some snakes prefer seclusion during or after feeding, or when shedding their skin. Overhandling a snake during these sensitive times can lead to stress, regurgitation, or incomplete shedding. Learning to recognize these behaviors and respecting the snake’s needs is vital.
Understanding the correct prey size and feeding frequency is essential. Feeding prey that is too large can cause injury or regurgitation. Always wash hands before and after handling and feeding to prevent the snake from associating your scent with food and to maintain hygiene.
Incorrect enclosure setups are a frequent problem. Inadequate security can lead to escapes. Furthermore, improper temperature gradients are a major concern. Body temperature directly affects a snake’s metabolism, digestion, and shedding cycles. Incorrect temperatures can cause stress, illness, and behavioral changes. Researching and accurately replicating the required temperature range for your specific species is crucial.
Adopting rescue snakes can be rewarding, but also presents potential challenges. Rescued snakes may have unknown health histories and could carry infections or parasites. Hatchling snakes, in particular, often require specialized care that beginners may not be prepared to provide. Thoroughly research reputable rescue organizations and inquire about the snake’s history and health before adoption.
Regular veterinary checkups are often overlooked but are a vital part of responsible snake ownership. Annual checkups can help detect underlying health issues early, ensure proper nutrition, and address any parasitic concerns. Finding a veterinarian experienced with reptiles is essential for preventative care and addressing any health problems that may arise.
Embrace the Fascinating World of Snakes
Contrary to common misconceptions, snakes can be captivating and rewarding companion animals. This guide provides essential information for aspiring pet snake owners, covering care basics and species recommendations. Remember that each snake species has unique needs and temperaments. Providing a comfortable and secure enclosure is fundamental to their health and well-being. Consider exploring resources like Quality Cage Collection for high-quality reptile supplies to create the perfect habitat for your new snake friend.
FAQs
What is the friendliest snake to have as a pet?
Corn snakes are often considered the friendliest pet snakes. They are known for their docile nature, are less prone to biting, and their manageable size makes them easier to handle, especially for beginners.
What is the hardest snake to keep as a pet?
The difficulty of keeping a snake varies depending on the species and the owner’s experience. For beginners, snakes with complex care requirements, such as Green Anacondas due to their size and potential aggression, can be challenging. Snakes with very specific temperature or humidity needs can also be harder to maintain for novices.
Do snakes like to be pets?
Snakes do not experience emotions or social needs in the same way mammals do. They do not “like” being pets in a sentimental sense. However, some snakes become accustomed to handling and may become more tolerant of human interaction over time. Their primary needs are based on environmental comfort and security, not companionship.
Which pet snake is least likely to bite?
Rosy boas, corn snakes, ball pythons, and California king snakes are among the least likely pet snakes to bite, especially with consistent and gentle handling. Their docile temperaments make them good choices for beginners.
How do I set up a proper temperature gradient for my snake?
To create a temperature gradient, position the heat source (heat lamp, under-tank heater) at one end of the terrarium. This will create a warm zone directly under the heat source and a cooler zone at the opposite end. Use thermometers at both ends to monitor and adjust temperatures to the species-specific requirements.
How can I ensure my snake’s enclosure is escape-proof?
Ensure the enclosure has a securely fitting lid, preferably with clamps or locks. Check for any gaps or openings around the lid or sides. Door wraps, wire loops, or solid grommets can be used to further secure lids and prevent escapes, especially with snakes known for being escape artists.
Resources
https://reptilesupershow.com/the-top-10-best-snake-pets-to-own/
https://reptilesmagazine.com/5-great-beginner-pet-snakes/
https://www.everythingreptiles.com/20-most-popular-pet-snakes/
https://a-z-animals.com/blog/the-pet-snakes-that-stay-small/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIYGXmGorRY
https://pethelpful.com/reptiles-amphibians/Top-10-Pet-Snake-for-Beginners-in
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Author: Joshua Paulson and Quality Cage Team
Josh is the owner and CEO at Quality Cage Crafters since 2015. During his time at Quality Cage Crafters he has been able to learn from tens of thousands of pet owners and pet educators. He blends his ambition for manufacturing and passion for animal care to create solutions for pet owners, breeders, animal rescues, and zoos. He has brought together a team of great animal lovers to create high quality pet care content for the Quality Cage Crafters audience.
