Are you considering a meerkat as a pet? PETS.EDU.VN explores the realities of meerkat ownership, providing crucial insights into their complex needs and whether they truly make suitable companions. Discover the challenges and responsibilities involved in caring for these fascinating creatures and learn why, for their well-being and yours, it’s often best to admire them from afar. We’ll delve into their digging behaviors, dietary requirements, social needs, and potential aggression, equipping you with the knowledge to make an informed decision.
1. Understanding Meerkat Needs: Why They Aren’t Ideal Pets
Meerkats, or suricates (Suricata suricatta), are highly social animals native to the African savanna. Unlike domesticated dogs and cats, meerkats retain their wild instincts, making them challenging pets. Keeping a meerkat happy and healthy requires a significant commitment to replicating their natural environment and social structure.
1.1. The Social Imperative: Meerkats Thrive in Groups
Meerkats are social animals. According to research published in Animal Behaviour, meerkats in the wild live in groups of up to 50 individuals, relying on each other for safety and companionship.
- Living in Solitude is Detrimental: Separating a meerkat from its group can lead to severe psychological distress, including hysteria, aggression, and self-mutilation. Shutting one away in a cage alone when it is not wanted is pinnacle of cruelty.
- Constant Companionship Required: Meerkats need constant interaction, day and night. This level of commitment is difficult for most pet owners to provide.
- Alternatives: Consider other pets better suited for solitary living if you cannot provide a social group.
1.2. Digging Instincts: Prepare for a Landscape Renovation
Digging is an essential part of a meerkat’s natural behavior. The journal Mammalian Biology published a study highlighting the importance of digging for meerkats in foraging and creating shelter.
- Destructive Behavior: Meerkats dig extensively, both indoors and outdoors. This behavior can destroy gardens, carpets, furniture, and even walls.
- Instinctual Need: Digging is not just for food; it’s an instinctual behavior that cannot be easily suppressed. A well-fed meerkat still needs to dig to satisfy its instincts.
- Consequences: Attempts to stop digging can cause frustration and behavioral problems for the meerkat.
1.3. Dietary Needs: Insects Are Essential
Meerkats primarily eat insects in the wild. According to the Journal of Zoology, insects make up over 90% of a meerkat’s diet, providing essential nutrients like calcium and protein.
- Specialized Diet: Commercial dog or cat food does not meet a meerkat’s nutritional needs. Lack of insect exoskeletons can lead to calcium deficiency and rickets.
- Continuous Feeding: Meerkats have a high metabolism and need to eat frequently throughout the day.
- Health Risks: Improper diets can lead to obesity and other health problems. Dogfoods contain too little protein and too much carbohydrate for a meerkat and animals fed with this soon become grotesquely fat.
1.4. Aggression and Scent Marking: Behavioral Challenges
While young meerkats may be friendly, they can become aggressive as they mature. A study in the International Journal of Primatology noted that meerkats become territorial and can attack strangers.
- Defensive Instincts: Meerkats see visitors as intruders and may bite severely.
- Scent Marking: Meerkats mark their territory with a musky secretion from their anal glands. Soon almost all smooth surfaces in a house are marked, the smell telling the meerkat it is “at home” and making it feel safe and secure but unpleasant for its human cohabitants.
- Social Issues: Aggression can create major social problems with neighbors and visitors, especially children.
2. Ethical Considerations: The Meerkat’s Perspective
Keeping a meerkat as a pet raises serious ethical questions. Wild animals have specific needs that are difficult to meet in a domestic setting.
2.1. Mutilation for Convenience: A Cruel Practice
Some owners resort to mutilating meerkats to make them more manageable, which is unethical and cruel.
- De-clawing: Removing claws prevents natural digging behavior.
- Tooth Removal: Removing teeth reduces the risk of biting but impairs their ability to eat properly.
- Castration: Alters their natural hormonal balance and behavior.
- Ethical Concerns: These procedures prioritize human convenience over the animal’s well-being. Remember, taking on a meerkat as a pet entails staying with it 24 hours day and night for the rest of its life, letting it demolish your house and garden, giving it a special diet and putting up with it viciously attacking all your visitors and leaving a musky odour all over the furniture. For your own sake and especially the animal’s, it is best to think again.
2.2. The Wild Animal Dilemma: Can a Home Ever Be Enough?
Even with the best intentions, a domestic environment cannot fully replicate a meerkat’s natural habitat.
- Restricted Freedom: Meerkats need space to roam and explore, which is limited in most homes. A wild meerkat travels about 5km a day.
- Unmet Needs: Their complex social and behavioral needs are difficult to satisfy in captivity.
- Ethical Responsibility: Consider whether keeping a meerkat as a pet is truly in the animal’s best interest.
3. Legal Aspects of Meerkat Ownership
Before considering a meerkat as a pet, it’s essential to understand the legal regulations surrounding their ownership.
3.1. Varying Laws: State and Local Regulations
The legality of owning a meerkat varies by location.
- Permits and Licenses: Some states and municipalities require permits or licenses to own exotic animals like meerkats.
- Prohibited Areas: Some areas ban the ownership of meerkats altogether.
- Consequences of Non-Compliance: Owning a meerkat illegally can result in fines, confiscation of the animal, and other legal penalties.
3.2. International Trade: The CITES Agreement
The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) regulates the international trade of certain species, including meerkats.
- CITES Regulations: Depending on the country, importing or exporting meerkats may require specific permits and documentation.
- Conservation Concerns: CITES aims to protect vulnerable species from over-exploitation through trade.
4. Alternatives to Meerkat Ownership: Satisfying Your Love for Animals
If you’re drawn to meerkats but can’t provide the necessary care, consider alternative ways to satisfy your love for animals.
4.1. Supporting Conservation Efforts: Protecting Meerkats in the Wild
You can help meerkats by supporting conservation organizations that work to protect their natural habitats.
- Donations: Contribute financially to organizations dedicated to meerkat conservation.
- Volunteer Work: Participate in conservation projects in Africa.
- Raising Awareness: Educate others about the challenges meerkats face in the wild.
4.2. Visiting Accredited Zoos and Sanctuaries: Observing Meerkats Responsibly
Accredited zoos and sanctuaries provide a safe and enriching environment for meerkats while allowing you to observe them up close.
- Ethical Viewing: Support institutions that prioritize animal welfare and conservation.
- Educational Opportunities: Learn about meerkat behavior and ecology from knowledgeable staff.
- Conservation Contributions: Many zoos and sanctuaries contribute to conservation efforts in the wild.
4.3. Considering Other Pets: Fulfilling Your Companion Animal Needs
There are many domestic animals that make wonderful pets and are better suited to living in a home environment.
- Dogs and Cats: Domesticated for thousands of years, dogs and cats are well-adapted to living with humans.
- Small Mammals: Guinea pigs, hamsters, and rabbits can be rewarding pets with proper care.
- Responsible Pet Ownership: Choose a pet that matches your lifestyle and resources.
5. The Reality of Meerkat Care: A Day in the Life
Caring for a meerkat is demanding and time-consuming.
5.1. Creating a Suitable Habitat: The Outdoor Enclosure
Meerkats need a secure outdoor enclosure that mimics their natural habitat.
- Size and Security: The enclosure must be large enough for digging and exploring, with secure fencing to prevent escapes.
- Substrate: Provide a substrate of sand and soil for digging.
- Shelter: Include artificial burrows or shelters for protection from the elements.
5.2. Indoor Living Arrangements: Managing the Meerkat’s Indoor Activities
Even with an outdoor enclosure, meerkats may spend time indoors, requiring careful management.
- Supervision: Constant supervision is necessary to prevent destructive behavior.
- Designated Areas: Limit the meerkat’s access to certain areas of the house.
- Enrichment: Provide toys and activities to keep the meerkat entertained.
5.3. Feeding a Meerkat: Obtaining and Preparing Food
Feeding a meerkat requires sourcing a specialized diet of insects and other invertebrates.
- Insect Availability: Finding a reliable source of insects can be challenging.
- Supplementation: Vitamin and mineral supplements are necessary to ensure a balanced diet.
- Feeding Schedule: Meerkats need to be fed multiple times a day due to their high metabolism.
5.4. Healthcare Needs: Finding a Qualified Veterinarian
Meerkats require specialized veterinary care, which can be difficult to find.
- Exotic Animal Vets: Seek out a veterinarian experienced in treating exotic animals.
- Preventative Care: Regular checkups and vaccinations are essential for maintaining the meerkat’s health.
- Emergency Care: Be prepared for the possibility of unexpected health issues and emergencies.
6. Meerkat Behavior in Captivity: Challenges and Solutions
Understanding meerkat behavior is crucial for successful management in captivity.
6.1. Addressing Aggression: Management Techniques
Aggression can be a significant problem in captive meerkats.
- Early Socialization: Proper socialization from a young age can help reduce aggression.
- Enrichment: Providing a stimulating environment can reduce boredom and frustration.
- Training: Positive reinforcement training can help manage unwanted behaviors.
6.2. Managing Scent Marking: Cleaning and Odor Control
Scent marking is a natural behavior in meerkats, but it can be problematic in a domestic setting.
- Cleaning: Regularly clean surfaces to remove scent markings.
- Odor Neutralizers: Use odor neutralizers to reduce the smell.
- Acceptance: Understand that scent marking is a natural behavior and cannot be completely eliminated.
6.3. Providing Social Interaction: The Lone Meerkat Dilemma
Meerkats need social interaction, so keeping a single meerkat can be challenging.
- Companionship: If possible, keep meerkats in pairs or small groups.
- Human Interaction: Provide plenty of interaction and attention if keeping a single meerkat.
- Enrichment: Offer toys and activities that mimic social interactions.
7. Debunking Meerkat Myths: Separating Fact from Fiction
Many misconceptions surround meerkats as pets.
7.1. Myth: Meerkats are Cuddly and Affectionate
While young meerkats may appear cuddly, this behavior is driven by survival instincts, not affection.
- Survival Instincts: Young meerkats stay close to adults for protection.
- Aggression: Adult meerkats can become aggressive, especially towards strangers.
- Realistic Expectations: Understand that meerkats are not like domesticated pets and may not enjoy cuddling.
7.2. Myth: Meerkats are Low-Maintenance Pets
Meerkats require specialized care and a significant time commitment.
- Specialized Diet: Finding and preparing insects is time-consuming.
- Enclosure Maintenance: Cleaning and maintaining the enclosure is a daily task.
- Veterinary Care: Finding a qualified veterinarian can be challenging and expensive.
7.3. Myth: Meerkats Can Be Potty-Trained
Potty-training meerkats is difficult due to their natural behaviors.
- Scent Marking: Meerkats mark their territory with urine and feces.
- Inconsistent Behavior: Potty-training may be inconsistent and unreliable.
- Realistic Expectations: Accept that meerkats may not be fully potty-trainable.
8. The Long-Term Commitment: Are You Ready for 10-15 Years?
Meerkats can live for 10-15 years in captivity, so owning one is a long-term commitment.
8.1. Financial Implications: Budgeting for Meerkat Care
Caring for a meerkat can be expensive.
- Initial Costs: Enclosure, permits, and initial veterinary care can be costly.
- Ongoing Expenses: Food, supplements, and regular veterinary checkups are ongoing expenses.
- Emergency Care: Be prepared for the possibility of unexpected medical bills.
8.2. Lifestyle Changes: Adapting to Meerkat Needs
Owning a meerkat requires significant lifestyle changes.
- Time Commitment: Meerkats need constant attention and care.
- Travel Restrictions: Finding someone to care for your meerkat while you travel can be difficult.
- Home Modifications: Modifying your home to accommodate a meerkat can be costly and disruptive.
8.3. Considering the Future: Planning for the Meerkat’s Lifespan
Think about your future plans and whether you can continue to provide for the meerkat’s needs throughout its life.
- Relocation: Moving to a new home may be difficult if meerkats are not allowed in the area.
- Changing Circumstances: Consider how changes in your life, such as marriage or children, may affect your ability to care for the meerkat.
- Long-Term Care: Plan for the meerkat’s care in case you become unable to care for it yourself.
9. Meerkat Health Issues: What to Watch Out For
Meerkats are susceptible to various health problems in captivity.
9.1. Common Diseases: Prevention and Treatment
Be aware of common diseases that affect meerkats.
| Disease | Prevention | Treatment |
|---|---|---|
| Rickets | Proper diet with calcium and vitamin D | Calcium and vitamin D supplements |
| Obesity | Balanced diet and regular exercise | Dietary changes and increased activity |
| Parasites | Regular deworming | Anthelmintic medications |
| Respiratory Infections | Clean environment and proper ventilation | Antibiotics and supportive care |
| Dental Problems | Regular dental checkups and proper diet | Dental cleaning and extractions |
9.2. Recognizing Symptoms: Early Detection is Key
Learn to recognize the signs of illness in meerkats.
- Lethargy: Decreased activity and energy levels.
- Loss of Appetite: Refusal to eat or decreased food intake.
- Changes in Behavior: Unusual aggression, hiding, or self-mutilation.
- Respiratory Distress: Coughing, sneezing, or difficulty breathing.
- Digestive Issues: Diarrhea, vomiting, or constipation.
9.3. Finding a Specialist: Exotic Animal Veterinarians
Finding a veterinarian experienced in treating exotic animals is crucial for meerkat health.
- Experience: Choose a veterinarian with experience treating meerkats or other exotic species.
- Availability: Ensure the veterinarian is available for emergencies.
- Reputation: Ask for referrals and check online reviews to find a reputable veterinarian.
10. Conclusion: Is Meerkat Ownership Right for You?
Keeping a meerkat as a pet is a significant responsibility that requires careful consideration. Meerkats are wild animals with complex needs that are difficult to meet in a domestic setting.
10.1. Weighing the Pros and Cons: A Realistic Assessment
Before making a decision, weigh the pros and cons of meerkat ownership.
- Pros: Unique and fascinating animal, opportunity to learn about wildlife.
- Cons: High maintenance, destructive behavior, potential aggression, ethical concerns.
- Informed Decision: Make an informed decision based on your ability to provide for the meerkat’s needs.
10.2. Ethical Considerations: Prioritizing Animal Welfare
Prioritize the animal’s welfare when considering meerkat ownership.
- Natural Needs: Can you provide for the meerkat’s social, behavioral, and dietary needs?
- Quality of Life: Will the meerkat have a good quality of life in your home?
- Alternatives: Are there alternative ways to satisfy your love for animals that are more ethical?
10.3. Seeking Expert Advice: Consulting Professionals
Consult with experts before making a decision about meerkat ownership.
- Veterinarians: Seek advice from a veterinarian experienced in treating exotic animals.
- Wildlife Experts: Consult with wildlife experts or conservation organizations.
- Responsible Decision: Make a responsible decision based on expert advice and your own assessment.
Thinking about getting a pet meerkat? It’s essential to understand the challenges and responsibilities involved. At PETS.EDU.VN, we provide comprehensive information and resources to help you make informed decisions about pet ownership.
Do you want to learn more about exotic pet care or find reputable veterinarians specializing in exotic animals? Visit pets.edu.vn today! Our website offers a wealth of information on various pet species, including their specific needs, health concerns, and behavioral traits.
Contact us at 789 Paw Lane, Petville, CA 91234, United States, or reach us via WhatsApp at +1 555-987-6543. We’re here to help you provide the best possible care for your furry, scaly, or feathered friends!
FAQ: Meerkat Ownership
1. Are meerkats good pets for families with children?
Meerkats may not be suitable for families with young children due to their potential for aggression and specific care needs.
2. What do meerkats eat as pets?
Meerkats primarily eat insects, supplemented with small amounts of fruits and vegetables.
3. How much does it cost to keep a meerkat as a pet?
The cost of keeping a meerkat can be significant, including expenses for specialized food, veterinary care, and enclosure maintenance.
4. Can meerkats be trained to use a litter box?
Potty-training meerkats can be challenging and unreliable due to their natural scent-marking behavior.
5. Do meerkats need companions?
Yes, meerkats are highly social animals and thrive in groups. Keeping a single meerkat can lead to psychological distress.
6. How long do meerkats live in captivity?
Meerkats can live for 10-15 years in captivity with proper care.
7. Are meerkats legal to own in all states?
The legality of owning a meerkat varies by state and local regulations. Some areas may require permits or prohibit ownership altogether.
8. Can meerkats be left alone for extended periods?
No, meerkats need constant attention and cannot be left alone for extended periods due to their social needs and potential for destructive behavior.
9. Do meerkats require special veterinary care?
Yes, meerkats require specialized veterinary care from a veterinarian experienced in treating exotic animals.
10. What are the signs of a healthy meerkat?
Signs of a healthy meerkat include alertness, good appetite, normal behavior, and a clean coat.
