Emus, with their striking prehistoric appearance and impressive size, often capture our attention in zoos and wildlife parks. These magnificent birds, native to Australia, are increasingly becoming a topic of interest for those seeking unique and unconventional pets. But can emus truly be pets in a domestic setting? The answer is yes, emus can be kept as pets, and in fact, many individuals across the United States are already embracing these fascinating creatures as companions.
If the idea of owning an emu has piqued your curiosity, you’ve come to the right place. This comprehensive guide will delve into the essential aspects of emu ownership, providing you with the knowledge to determine if these large, flightless birds are the right pet choice for you. We’ll explore everything from their basic characteristics and housing needs to their dietary requirements and how to raise them successfully as pets.
Understanding the Emu: More Than Just a Big Bird
Before considering emus as pets, it’s crucial to understand what they are. Emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) are the second-largest living birds in the world by height, after their cousin, the ostrich. Belonging to the ratite family, which also includes ostriches, rheas, cassowaries, and kiwis, emus are flightless birds characterized by their long legs and necks.
Originating from Australia, emus are built for speed and endurance, capable of reaching speeds up to 30 miles per hour thanks to their powerful legs. Adult emus can stand up to 6 feet tall and weigh between 100 and 150 pounds, making them a substantial presence. If you’re looking for a pet with longevity, emus are a great choice, boasting a typical lifespan of around 30 years, and sometimes even longer.
While emus are increasingly popular as pets, it’s important to remember they are also considered livestock by the USDA. This classification means there are specific regulations regarding their care and keeping, as outlined by the USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). Furthermore, local ordinances may also dictate rules about owning ratites like emus. Thoroughly research both federal and local guidelines before acquiring an emu to ensure compliance and responsible pet ownership.
Emus are social creatures and thrive in pairs. If breeding is of interest, keeping a male and female pair is ideal, as they lay a clutch of 20 to 40 large, striking blue-green eggs annually, typically laid in the cooler months. Interestingly, male emus take on the primary role of incubation. Each emu egg is equivalent to approximately 10-12 chicken eggs, showcasing their impressive size.
Setting Up the Perfect Emu Habitat: Housing Requirements
Providing adequate housing is paramount for the well-being of pet emus. Space is a primary consideration. While breeders often house pairs in enclosures around 1000 square feet, providing more space is always beneficial for their activity levels and overall happiness. An acre of land can comfortably accommodate about 10 emu pairs. Emus prefer natural ground, so avoid concrete or paved flooring in their enclosure, allowing them to engage in natural scratching and pecking behaviors.
Secure fencing is non-negotiable for emu enclosures. Given their height, a minimum fence height of 6 feet is essential to prevent escapes. Emus are surprisingly adept climbers, so “no-climb” fencing or chain link is highly recommended. Ensure fence posts are robust enough to withstand the birds’ size and potential pressure.
Emus are remarkably adaptable to various climates, including cold temperatures. Their dense, fluffy feathers provide excellent insulation, allowing them to tolerate temperatures as low as 23 degrees Fahrenheit. However, prolonged exposure to extreme cold should be avoided. In most regions, a simple three-sided shelter is sufficient. Structures like a run-in shed or camp alcove, bedded with pine shavings or straw, offer protection from the elements while allowing them to roam freely.
For regions with harsh winters, a more substantial shelter like a barn is advisable. Ensure the shelter has doorways tall enough for easy emu access. Deep bedding and supplemental infrared heating can provide extra warmth during freezing temperatures. Even in colder climates, emus should not be confined indoors constantly; they need space to move around. A larger structure, like a weekender building, can offer both open and enclosed sections, catering to varied weather conditions. Remember to increase food provision during winter as their metabolic rate increases to maintain body temperature.
Emu Diet and Nutrition: Feeding Your Flightless Friend
Emus are not picky eaters and consume a diverse range of foods. Their diet should ideally consist of 15% to 20% protein. Specialized ratite pellets are commercially available and formulated to meet these nutritional needs. Some owners also successfully use high-quality chicken feed or dog food as a base diet. An adult emu will typically consume around 1.5 pounds of feed daily. Avoid diets primarily based on grains, especially corn, as corn kernels are difficult for emus to digest and lack sufficient nutrients.
Supplementing their main feed is beneficial for emus. Alfalfa pellets provide valuable fiber. Emus are omnivores and can safely consume many human foods, making fruit and vegetable scraps excellent and nutritious treats. They can also eat meat in moderation, but processed meats like hotdogs and hamburgers should be limited to occasional treats.
Consistent access to fresh, clean water is critical. Emus are active birds and can drink up to five gallons of water per day, especially in warmer weather. Locating food and water sources within their shelter encourages them to utilize it and keeps these resources protected from the elements.
Raising Emus as Pets: From Chick to Companion
Sourcing emus from reputable breeders is crucial. Organizations like the American Emu Association can provide breeder directories. Research breeder reputation before purchase. For those aiming to raise emus as tame, human-friendly pets, acquiring very young chicks (1-7 days old) or hatching eggs yourself is highly recommended. Raising emus from chicks is generally easier for first-time owners, as adult emus can be imposing and require experienced handling. Male emus are often reported to be slightly gentler than females, which might be a consideration for pet preference.
Emu chicks raised by humans readily imprint and become very attached, following their caregivers. Very young chicks can even be initially raised indoors. A ratite crumble diet is ideal for young emus. Placing shiny objects in their food bowl can help attract them to eat. Emus grow rapidly and will be ready for their outdoor enclosure within a few weeks. While young, they are vulnerable to predators, so ensure the enclosure is secure. Emus reach adult size around 5-6 months old, quickly becoming more resilient.
Just like any pet, emus may require veterinary care. Monitor for signs of illness such as decreased appetite, weight loss, diarrhea, droopy eyes, or nasal discharge. Seek a veterinarian experienced with livestock or exotic animals if health issues arise. Many such vets offer farm calls, simplifying care for large birds. Interstate transport of emus necessitates a health certificate and veterinary inspection.
Conclusion: Is an Emu the Right Pet for You?
Owning an emu can be an incredibly rewarding experience for those with the space, resources, and genuine interest in these unique animals. They offer companionship, a fascinating glimpse into the world of ratites, and a truly distinctive pet ownership journey.
However, emu ownership is a significant commitment. Thorough planning is essential before acquiring these birds. Consider the space requirements, fencing needs, dietary provisions, and potential veterinary costs. Owning an emu is a long-term investment, offering years of companionship with a majestic and unusual pet. If you are prepared for the dedication, an emu might just be the perfect, extraordinary pet for you. And if you decide to house your emu in a structure from Jamaica Cottage Shop, don’t hesitate to share photos of your unique pet setup!
